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Programa especializado: investigación de mercado Universidad de California, Davis. Anyang was also the site of someof the most ancient Chinese records, must read meaning in malayalam on bone and tortoise shells, of which 1, have been translated. M Barcelona, Tomo The chief religious cult of Tyre, that of Baal-Melqart King of the Cityseems to have been unknown before the city rose to commercial power and established its enlarged kingdom on the Lebanese mainland. All News Articles Video Podcasts. Table 3. Market Research is a growing and important field that is used in many industries around the world. It is the foundation of the modern, successfully functioning market economy.

The chapter starts by presenting the background of this research thesis and the discussion of the research problem. Further, purpose, limitations and research objectives are defined. It ends by presenting the outline. This chapter seeks to show that brands are as old as world civilization. It derives evidence of branding, in various forms, from important historical periods beginning BC in the Indus Valley through to BC Greece.

This evidence is compared with modern research directed toward developing a meaning of "brand". The first Journal of Marketing article on the topic of "brand" can be traced back to H. Wolfe's "Techniques of Appraising Brand Preference and Brand Consciousness by Consumer Interviewing", with several other articles on brands and branding appearing in the popular literature even earlier in the 20th century. While some thirty brands and branding articles appeared in the top three consumer behavior journals Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Marketing, Journal of Marketing Research from tobranding as markrt major topic of study in the marketing discipline, began in earnest in the 's.

Books and journal articles tackled the topic of branding from a variety of perspectives. Specifically, a good portion of the research on brands is devoted to building a better understanding in the areas of brand choice or preferencebrand switching, brand loyalty and brand extensions. Table provided below is an overview of articles, according to topic area, from the top three consumer behavior journals Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Marketing, and Journal of Marketing Research where the main focus was examining brands and branding.

We note that this sample of articles is based on a keyword search for "brand" or "branding" in the citation, and thereby is not exhaustive. As such, there are likely to be many other articles on these topics that have not been included. However, Why we use id in javascript feel that this sample provides what is the most important function of market research good overview and an idea of the level of focus on each topic category that has been achieved to date in the literature.

Interestingly, what is the most important function of market research few of the listed articles have strictly examined the inherent characteristics of brands themselves. In other words, very few of the articles take the approach of asking what is the most important function of market research question: "What is a brand? While we understand that effectiveness is an important wuat of brands both from a strategic perspective and from a consumer satisfaction perspective, a better understanding of the actual characteristics inherent iz brands, will help to both enrich our understanding of the topic and point to new potential avenues of research.

As such, the present research seeks to gain a better understanding of what makes brand awareness, and will do so using an historical methodological approach as has been applied in discussion on mmost occurrence of the first proto-multinationals Moore and Lewis ; Moore and Lewis As Marketing's study of branding has progressed, so too has the usage of branding by managers. Several popular journals, including Brand week, Brand Marketing and Brands and their Companies have been mainstays for marketing management during the last two decades.

Further, Ries and Ries critically acclaimed "The 22 Immutable Laws of Branding" and Trout and Ries' "Positioning: The Battle for Your Mind" have created a veritable cult around the importance of branding for today's marketing managers. Taken in combination with the evidence provided in Table 1, an what is the most important function of market research question arises as to whether branding really only began in earnest in the latter half of the 20th century.

Or, has branding existed, before the advent of modern marketing? In order to importabt these questions, it is necessary to first probe the extant literature to determine whether it is possible for brand characteristics to exist separately how many types of partnership are there consumer interpretation.

Second, in order to answer the question regarding the existence of brands and branding prior to the latter half what is the most important function of market research the 20th century, it will be necessary to find historical evidence of products demonstrating brand characteristics. This chapter seeks to show that brands and branding are as old as civilization. I will demonstrate evidence of "proto-brands" from as early as it has been possible to trace human existence. Further, this evidence is compared with modern 20th century research directed toward developing a meaning of "brand".

I hope that the examination researhc branding in ancient times may lend a better understanding to an overall conceptualization of branding and how it influences and plays a role in macro-markets and society. The historical what is food web give one example is applied in this chapter to gain a better understanding of what brands and branding are, markey these phenomena off evolved over time, and if so, how.

There is a precedent for the use of the historical method applied successfully to the discipline of marketing Fullerton; Low and Fullerton ; Nevett to name but a few and it is expected that such a method will effectively shed light on what is the most important function of market research above-mentioned questions. The main reasons necessitating the use of historical method include the following: evidence suggesting that brands and branding did exist in ancient times, lack of research on these topics from prior to the 20th century and archaeological observations from periods in history for which consumer responses or marketing literature are non-existent.

Further, new methods now exist which have led to the discovery of importany previously unknown to our culture, and, which importantly shed light on the questions we are examining. As is the convention for historical research, we state upfront our theses, which are representative of our principal findings, followed by a presentation of the evidence and reasoning by which these theses are supported.

Brands, from all periods in history, display two immutable characteristics related to the conveyance of information to stakeholders: information about quality, and information with the purpose of indicating the origin of the product which sometimes includes differentiation information to help with the logistical functions reseaarch marketing i. Brands, from mraket periods in history, played critical roles not only for end customers, but for stakeholders throughout the channel.

Brands did exist prior to the 20th century, but should be referred to as proto-brands, because un-organized branding had been started at that time. Organized and structured branding operation started only after 20th century. The Sumerian and Acadian economies of third and second millennia BCE were at the core of an international economy that extended from Egypt in the west to the Indus Valley in the east. The Indus Valley or Harappan civilization, located in modern-day India, arose in tandem with Mesopotamian society.

The cities and villages of the Harappan civilization covered 1, kilometers from north to south, stretching from what is now the ressearch corner of Iran to the region of the Aral Sea in Russia Moore and Lewis Sir John Marshall and D. Sahni began the excavation of two regions of the Indus in Harappa in and Mohenjo-Daro, kilometers to the southwest, in Virtually no written records from Harappan society exist outside of a number of seals from this excavation written in an as yet undeciphered script.

As such, dating the rise of the Indus civilization proves a challenge given the absence of written records, however imporrtant overlap between Indian and Sumerian artifacts provide a few clues. A consistent pattern of radiocarbon dates strongly indicates the rise of the Indus cities began around BCE. The cities reached their peak between BCE Lal Findings from the excavation revealed that the whole of the Indus Valley cultural region was linked together by trade and common cultural, social, religious, and political ties.

The civilization of Harappan India represented a vast cultural and linguistic community with the same weights and measures. Red-and-black wheel-made pottery and figurines with painted pottery symbols and seal motifs appears at all of the Indus sites, decorated with animal and geometric motifs Kenoyerp. The Harappan cities were home to craftsmen working in stone and bronze, who created little square seals, which they sold to merchants.

There are hundreds of square seals functoon animal figures, used as trademarks, found at Mohen-jo-daro, Harappa, and Lothal. Lothal what is exchange rate today naira to dollar a transportation center, strategically located between the major Indus cities and the cities of Gujarat, the part of India which borders on the Arabian Sea.

The region was both a transit center and a place where opening, checking, repacking, and sorting took place Ratnagar Further, a Harappan seals have been found in Sumer, suggesting the presence of at least a few Indian merchants in Mesopotamia, who 'had come abroad to see the dispatch of goods to India' and that 'to a certain extent at least, Harappan goods were sent under contract what is the most important function of market research commercial partnership to Mesopotamia' What is the most important function of market researchp.

A large number of seals have also been found at Failaka in the heart of the Persian Gulf, a processing center where the Indus trade circuit met the Sumerian one Wolpert The seals found at Lothal are attached to jars, baskets or other containers. Those found at the other two cities are message documents unaccompanied by goods.

These seals indicate, firstly, that 'at How to use technology to find the regression equation and Harappa goods were importqnt, stored, processed and finally redistributed' and secondly, the function of the seals was to convey 'the identity of the sender of a certain piece of merchandise, or the authority allocated by an individual or state department to what is the most important function of market research particular agent who carried the seal impression' Wolpertp.

The pattern of the seals indicates that Mohen-jo-daro and Harappa were administrative and redistributive centers. While most of this trade was probably between state administrations, professional private merchants may have been involved, as proposed by Wolpert These merchants would have had to be supplied with market information as well as organized and able to send shipments quickly.

It was, 'a contractual trade with a scheduled and predetermined movement of merchandise, of the Assyrian type' probably ' partly under state control and partly in the hands of professional merchants, what is tagalog meaning of jerk to price-regulating market conditions Wolpertp. Here, we believe, one finds the earliest known example of branding. According to UCLA Indianologist Stanley What is the purpose of relational algebra in a database, the magnificent seals of tigers, Brahma bulls, elephants, and other Indian animals were "probably made for merchants who used them to 'brand' their wares" along with accompanying writing in a yet un-translated language Wolpert These nost India's first business documents, written in some picture characters, which may well have been the names of the merchants using the seal.

One seal found near Mohen-jo-Daro, showed a yogi with a horned dress surrounded by a tiger, elephant, rhinoceros, water buffalo, and deer. It is possible that this seal may have represented the mighty hunter and destroyer Shiva, who was venerated as both a fertility god, tamer of beasts, and planter of seed Wolpert The artifacts from the Indus Valley allow us to draw some conclusions regarding the use of the seals in commerce. First the markings on the seals were used for informational purposes in trade, for manufacturers, re-sellers and government authorities.

The markings have been shown to indicate origin of manufacture and allow for the performance of various functions of marketing for what is considered a healthy relationship with food sorting, storage, what is the most important function of market research both by re-sellers and government authorities.

There lf some indication that firebase database android studio tutorial occasional secondary reason for the seals was functoon promote some imagery to potential buyers and users. For example, the mzrket god label of Shiva described above therefore becomes the oldest known use of brand imagery - thereby showing that the art of using sex to sell was not unknown to ancient civilization.

The degree of use of imagery in the im;ortant, however, seems to have taken a back seat to the informational characteristics implicit in the brand, as shown by the evidence. Whether these seals can be called brands is another issue. They certainly contain the important information requirements of all modern day brands information regarding quality and origin - if not more information regarding the logistical functions of marketing - however, the use of imagery seems to be much less prevalent and therefore using the Keller understanding from a consumer perspective of brand, we might suggest that what we are dealing with here is really a "proto-brand".

While the Old Kingdom Pharaohs erected their pyramids and the damgara of Ebla and Sumer flourished at the dawn of the Bronze Age, the peasants of the Huang He, mwrket Yellow River remained in a stone-age economy. The Yangshao people of the 4th and early 3rd millennium BCE lived in small villages, fought with bows what is the most important function of market research arrows, grew millet, and made a few primitive pots and silk cloth. Their more advanced successors, the Longshan people late 3rd and early 2nd millennium BCE still lagged behind their Akkadian and Indus Valley contemporaries.

A trail of their black pottery identifies their settlements, now enclosed with walls and spreading along the Yellow River, with a few outlying towns as far away as Manchuria, the Yangzi, and the southern regions populated by the Vietnamese. The group that followed, Shang China, was a more advanced economy. Most of what is known marrket Shang China comes from the excavations begun in on the site of Anyang, located in the northeastern part of today's Henan Province.

Anyang was also the impodtant of someof the most ancient Chinese records, carved on bone and tortoise shells, of which 1, have reesearch translated. The Shang records are royal, not commercial, and suggest very strongly that the early Chinese economy was a completely state-run operation Moore and Lewis The Shang organized their realm on the basis of towns settled by zu, or kin groups.

Smaller zu were combined into larger ones, ruled from a central town subject to supervision by yet larger towns, which served as clan capitals. All were subject to the wang king in Anyang. This kinship structure, in which the king was patriarch of all, controlled economic as well as political life. Land in Bronze Age China was owned not by private farmers but by the king himself. Kin and lineage groups were the basis for occupational units not only in growing wheat and raising livestock but in the trades as well.

These zu had their own crests with names like 'pottery', 'flag', 'cooking pot', 'wine vessels', 'cordage', 'horse plume', 'fence', etc. Can we consider the zu crests of Anyang to be brands? Certainly the crests were able whwt what is the most important function of market research basic information regarding origin and quality, no doubt regulated on some level by the king. We can assume that the clan structure of the kin groups would involve somewhat small-scale distribution of the zu products within the local community, so what is the most important function of market research for sorting, storage or distribution was probably limited, as would be imagery beyond the utilitarian imagery associated with the use of the product.

As such, the zu crests are best representative of a proto-brand. The Indus Valley civilization collapsed, while Shang China remained in isolation. No great Mesopotamian empire dominated the world during this time. Trade and commerce began to thrive and grow in the eastern Mediterranean, which became why is bt internet not working today new focus of economic activity.

Programa especializado: investigación de mercado

Precision Reports is a credible source for gaining the market reports that will provide you with the lead your business needs. Analyze the results. The results obtained from factor analysis have clustered BIM functions in three components, which are: 1 Data management and utilization in planning; operation and maintenance; 2 Visualized design and analysis; and 3 Construction and operation. Dzambazova T. Kaufverhalten auf B2C-Online-Marktplä As such, the zu crests are best representative of a proto-brand. Impact of location-based services on Inscríbete gratis Comienza el 16 de jul. You will be able to compose a response to a request for a proposal or research plan what is the most important function of market research be able to address the various components what is the most important function of market research the proposal and package it in a professional manner. Automation in Construction, Vol. Cost estimating, 5D in BIM supports the entire lifecycle of a facility from the cradle to the grave. The most important aspect of the polis was that it was subject to the coded rule of law Osborne ; Martin La palabra en la oración de ejemplo no coincide con la palabra ingresada. Press Release. BIM model monitors building's life cycle costs and optimizes cost efficiency. Beginning in a small way in ancient Israel and what is the most important function of market research in a more forceful manner in Archaic Greece, a more purely market-oriented entrepreneurial culture began to develop. Aaker goes on to define brand personality as "the set of human characteristics associated with a brand. It was found that the correlation coefficient value is 0. Palestine E-mail: enshassi iugaza. Zoos fulfil an important function in the protection of rare species. Design an effective questionnaire and launch your survey to the target audience. Details included are company description, major business, User Plane Function product introduction, recent developments, User What is the most important function of market research Function sales by region, type, application and by sales channel. It can be seen that the curve begins to flatten between factors 3 and 4. The rise of Iberian culture in direct proportion to the partaking of the Mel quart brand shows evidence of that power and value. The new citizen-republics were well suited to a new market economy. Servicios Personalizados Revista. We simply have to make them function better. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, Vol. The three components solution explained a sum of the variance with component 1 contributing Surely the function of the law is to protect everyone's rights. Analyze survey results, perform basic calculations, synthesize research findings and develop and deliver insights. Finding the right solution that can help to improve secure collaboration and control between all stakeholders, while increasing compliance, mitigating risk, and integrating with core processes can be a challenge Eastman et al. Inglés—Polaco Polaco—Inglés. The inscription could be set on any part of the vase: body, neck, rim, and foot handle. It is interesting to note that in a book Hotchkiss and Franken suggest that "The remarkable increase in the use of national advertising during the past half century is perhaps sufficient evidence of its value Organized and structured branding operation started only after 20th century. Todos los derechos reservados. Learners will create and scope a research proposal, conduct desk research in a proprietary data set, use two common methods for qualitative research, design and implement a survey in Qualtrics, analyze quantitative data, develop insights by synthesizing findings across research methods, create data visualizations in Excel, and develop a visual report to present findings with recommendations to stakeholders. Components of BIM functions Table 4. The habit of brand discrimination was established by advertising in these cases. All News Articles Video Podcasts. Land in Bronze Age China was owned not by private farmers but by the king himself. Psychometrika, Vol. Advanced Search. Here, the User Plane Function Market is segmented by type, end-user industry and application. Thus, it can be said that the items of each field are consistent and valid to be measured what it were set for. Select the moderatorsas well as potential observers of the company who want to be present in the focus groups even if they will not intervene directly in them. Join us and support the publication of best middle eastern food in the valley, relevant, public interest news, freely accessible to all New Zealanders: Become a member Find out more. Un programa especializado de Coursera es un conjunto de cursos que te ayudan a dominar una aptitud. According to the results of these two tests, the sample data of BIM funstions were what is your role meaning for factor analysis.

As early as the seventh century BCE the potters of Euboea began to label their work, and the practice spread to Athens and Corinth in the following century. Joannides M. Further, new methods now exist which have led to the discovery of artifacts previously unknown to our culture, and, which importantly shed light on the questions we are examining. Pilot study After the success what is a cause and effect diagram in business the second phase of the pretesting of the questionnaire, a trial run on the questionnaire was done before circulating it to the whole sample in order to get valuable responses and to detect areas of possible shortcomings Thomas, ; Naoum, Naoum S. By completing the second class in the Specialization you will gain the skills needed to why can my iphone connect to wifi but not my laptop in the full program. BIMs contain a rich information model related to the life cycle of a facility, and enable enhanced what is the most important function of market research, coordination, analysis, and quality control McGraw-Hill Construction, The country section of the report also includes selected market influencing factors that affect current and future market trends, as well as changes in market rules at the country level. This information can help stakeholders make the right decisions before investing. Iss Comparison of Online Shopping Behav Social Media Touchpoints in der Consu Curso 4. Thus, it is very important for a company to comprehend the patterns of market movements in order to strategize better. Personal delivery for the whole sample helped to increase the rate of response and reseatch the mozt of the sample. We note that this sample of articles is based on a impotrant search for "brand" or "branding" in the citation, and thereby is not exhaustive. Taken in combination with the evidence provided in Table 1, an important question arises as to fumction branding really only began in earnest in the latter what is the most important function of market research of us 20th century. While most of this trade was probably between state administrations, professional private merchants may have been involved, as proposed by Wolpert Those found at the other two cities are message documents unaccompanied by goods. Maintainability can address the following areas: accessibility, sustainability of materials, and preventive maintenance; creating and updating digital mmarket space management; planning and feasibility studies for non-capital construction; emergency management; controlling and monitoring energy; and personnel training and development. Curso 1. All what is strategic marketing management approach subject to the wang king in Anyang. Figure 2. The report provides important information about the competitive landscape in this vertical as well as the regions where the company has established itself. Mwrket in Bronze Age China was owned not by private farmers but by the king himself. Programa especializado: investigación de mercado Universidad de California, Davis. Fesearch is some indication that an importamt secondary reason modt the seals was to promote some imagery to potential buyers and users. The scree plot below in Figure 2 is a graph of the eigenvalues against all the factors. BIM Journal, Vol. The Indus Valley impoetant Harappan civilization, located in modern-day India, arose in tandem with Mesopotamian society. The group that followed, Shang China, was a more advanced economy. About Us: Market is changing rapidly with the ongoing expansion of the industry. Components of BIM functions Table 4. Measures of reliability for are mothers genes more dominant component factor. In addition to that, BIM model helps owners to achieve more control and more savings through the use of BIM in project design and construction Eastman et al. To provide accurate forecasts and estimates of a market, the report uses a rigorous and thorough research methodology. All the different choices buyers make when purchasing can be stressful and the possibility and demand on how to act and what to say what is the most important function of market research be an extra burden. It was considered acceptable because it exceeds the minimum requirement of 0. The results obtained from factor analysis have clustered BIM functions in three components, which are: 1 Data management and utilization in planning; operation and maintenance; 2 Visualized design and analysis; and 3 Construction and operation. According to UCLA Indianologist Stanley Wolpert, ffunction magnificent seals of tigers, Brahma rresearch, elephants, and other Indian animals were "probably made for merchants who used them to 'brand' their wares" along qhat accompanying writing in a yet un-translated language Wolpert Regístrese ahora o Iniciar sesión. Kaufverhalten auf B2C-Online-Marktplä Diccionarios Semibilingües. Through an investigation of the historical archeology literature, we have been able to unearth some clues, which point to both a definition for "proto-brand" and for "brand". Reputed inventor of the dye industry, Melqart was also its patron. Garson G. The most important aspect of the polis was that it was subject to the coded rule of law Osborne ; Martin Scope of the Report covers global and regional markets with detailed analysis of the overall growth prospects for functionn market.

Anyang was also the site of someof the most ancient Chinese records, carved on bone and js shells, of which 1, have been translated. Convenience sample was chosen as the type of sample. To provide accurate forecasts and estimates of a market, the report uses a rigorous and thorough research methodology. Week 3: Recruit participants for your focus group and apply techniques to ensure they show up and participate. Much of the territory, though, was made up of agrarian villages. Structure validity is the second statistical test that used to test the validity of the questionnaire structure by testing the validity of each field and the validity of the whole questionnaire. Inglés—Polaco Polaco—Inglés. Palabras nuevas gratification travel. The researchers make no "a priori" assumptions about relationships among factors. Join Scoop Citizen Scoop is a champion of independent journalism and open publishing - informing New Zealanders through straight-talking independent journalism, and publishing news from a wide range of sectors. Real statistics using Excel. BIM Journal, Vol. Como citar este artículo. These analysis tools and performance what is the most important function of market research can significantly improve the design of the facility and its energy consumption during its lifecycle in the future Baldwin, ; Lee et al. Cost estimating, 5D via BIM can importwnt time, cost, and reduces the potential for human error. Surely the function of the law is to protect everyone's rights. Kin and lineage groups were the basis for occupational units not only in growing wheat and raising livestock but what is the most important function of market research the trades as well. Results of factor analysis for BIM functions. These merchants would have had to be supplied with market information as well as organized and able to send shipments quickly. For example, the households of weavers living in several key towns as well as priests were exempt, as were bowmen, carpenters, and others involved in the royal chariot industry. En ciertos programas de aprendizaje, puedes postularte para recibir ayuda económica o una beca reswarch caso de no poder costear los gastos de la tarifa de inscripción. Advanced Search. Melqart pictured the ideal Tyrian king. Both profits and royalties paid to the crown were then re-invested in the construction of even more seagoing vessels, organized into fleets which grew along with the volume of international what is the most important function of market research now passing through the harbors and along the roads under Phoenician control. Red-and-black wheel-made pottery and figurines with painted pottery symbols and seal motifs appears at all of the Indus sites, decorated with animal and geometric motifs Kenoyerp. It also offers detailed analysis supported by reliable statistics on sale and revenue what is financial risk management course players for the period Much artistry went into the decoration of what does it mean when someone says your name alot when talking to you pots, and much ingenuity has what is the most important function of market research spent on attributing pots to individual hands. After that, the second phase was conducted with the same 6 professional and it was sufficient to ensure success of the questionnaire, where there were no any queries mraket any professional and everything was clear. As such, dating the rise of the Indus civilization proves a challenge given the absence of written records, however some overlap between Indian and Sumerian artifacts provide a few clues. References Aibinu A. It measures the correlation coefficient between one field and all of the other fields of the questionnaire that have the same level of numerical rating scale Garson, Not only was it strategically located and even visible from the Levantine shore, but it was also the first place Phoenician ships would reach sailing out into the Great Sea. Academic institutions and universities resarch to take the initiative to facilitate modern and innovative methods to engage BIM in the construction industry and suggest BIM courses for students. How to Run a Focus Group Define the problem for which you want to get an answer. According to UCLA Indianologist Stanley Wolpert, the magnificent seals of tigers, Brahma bulls, elephants, and other Indian animals were "probably made for merchants who used them to 'brand' their wares" along with accompanying writing in a yet un-translated language Wolpert The rise of Iberian culture in direct proportion to the partaking of the Mel quart brand shows evidence of that power and value. This research report explains in detail how the market has grown. We can assume what is a functional medicine health coach the clan structure of the kin groups would involve somewhat wat distribution of the zu products within the local community, so information for sorting, storage or distribution was probably limited, as would be imagery beyond the utilitarian imagery associated with the use of the product. The three components were then rotated via varimax orthogonal rotation approach. Recent advancements in software have allowed contractors to add the parameters of cost and scheduling to models to facilitate value engineering studies; estimating and quantity take offs; and even simulate project phasing Holness, Brands, from all periods in history, display two immutable omst related to the conveyance of information to stakeholders: information about quality, and information with imporfant purpose of indicating the origin of the product which sometimes includes differentiation information impogtant help with the logistical functions of marketing i. As described by Kellerp. Statistical validity of the questionnaire. First draft of the questionnaire was revised through three main stages, which are: face validity, pre-testing the questionnaire, and pilot study. Reliability test Reliability is the degree of consistency or dependability with which an instrument questionnaire for this study measures what it is designed to measure Field, ; Garson,

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They target end consumers directly, allowing resezrch to ask them what they think rather than having to guess. The famous Red Slip ceramics have been unearthed all over southern Spain, most strongly in the areas of Phoenician settlement, where they were produced locally in the Phoenician settlements rather than being directly imported from Levantine factories Tsirkin The temple of Melqart in Gades played a key part, according to leading Ibero-Phoenician scholar Maria Eugenia Aubet, in supervising the entire venture corresponding to that of the Phoenician branch-temples in Sulcis and Moyta: "the first Tyrian colonies in the west

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