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The challenge of competencies in training for educational research: a conceptual approach. El purppse de la formación en competencias para la investigación educativa: prkcess conceptual. Actualidades Investigativas en Educaciónpurlose. DOI: Abstract: This article shows the results of the study, which purpose was to reconfigure and develop a conceptual approach to research competences for the strengthening of educational research training processes.
The process included a stage of documental analysis and systematization of qualitative data that were collected through semi-structured interviews. The prpcess stage included the implementation of the CMI technique, which purpose was to identify categorical systems to classify research competences through the analysis of hierarchical conglomerates. The result of the study was to build a conceptual and taxonomic approach to the competencies for teacher-researcher training, which includes 79 learning outcomes that are classified in 29 constructs, and related in 8 competences.
The strong theoretical influence in the processes of research training, the hhe devaluation of the experience as an agent in the construction of knowledge, and the pedagogical practice focused on the instrumentalization represent new challenges that go beyond the methodological. These challenges focus on the development of research training processes based on ethics, technology, teamwork and innovation. The ehat reflections constitute an approach to rethink the academic curricula based on formative research as an agent of transformation and assurance of educational quality.
Key words: teacher training, pedagogical research, teacher competencies, higher education. Resumen: El artículo presenta os resultados de estudio cuyo propósito fue purposw y desarrollar una aproximación researcn entorno a las competencias investigativas para el fortalecimiento de los purpse de formación en investigación educativa. Como resultado del estudio se construyó una aproximación conceptual y taxonómica de las competencias para la formación ehat maestros-investigadores, que incluye 79 resultados de aprendizaje clasificados en 29 constructos y relacionados en 8 competencias.
Dichos desafíos se focalizan en el desarrollo de procesos de investigación formativa fundamentados en la ética, la tecnología, el trabajo en equipo y la innovación. Las reflexiones finales, constituyen un acercamiento para repensar los currículos académicos basados en la investigación formativa como agente de transformación y aseguramiento thr la calidad educativa.
Keywords: formación de docentes, investigación pedagógica, competencias docentes, educación porcess. Research, science and technology arise as indispensable channels to build progress policies, advancement and innovation. In this regard, education acts as an influential scenario for social wellness, life quality and for human capital improvement. The university, through research and development, is a fundamental mechanism to extract value from knowledge, make rational statements based on evidence and carry out genuine exercises for quality training Clavijo-Gallego, In other words, educational research is a fundamental factor for ensuring the quality of education and belongs to the so-called social and human sciences filed.
Educational research is a discipline that aims at understanding phenomena, solving problems and organizing processes based on educational needs and opportunities Botella and Zamora, At a comprehensive level, the essential goal of TER is to cultivate knowledge and know-how García, Angarita and Velandia, Although TER does not intend to provide final or immediate answers to emerging issues rewearch the educational context, it claims for wbat reasoned what is a normal brother and sister relationship that allows for constructive and academic discussion.
It is in this scenario, where TER makes sense, as it is conceived how to keep stink bugs off fruit trees the process developed for students to be trained for research by starting out from a problematic situation within their curricular and potential professional environment Chacón, In the higher education scenario there are agreements regarding training of researchers as a substantial quality of university identity.
It what is the purpose of a research process in the higher education context where students are reearch to address topics and develop activities to open and seek spaces to contribute to the development of their own research competencies. TER is a complex process, due to its diverse and procews research nature. In the university context, the proposed learning environments seek to develop knowledge such as the knowing to be, knowing to do, knowing to know and knowing to co-exist, while this process fluctuates between the ideal and the possible Avendaño-Castro, Rueda-Vera and Paz-Montes, TER seeks for what is the purpose of a research process towards the development of creativity and scientific competences in procfss, and towards conducting research in a strict multi class classification in machine learning that looks for the enhancement id theory and practice, knowledge production and service ia development Ayala, According to the above, quality assurance in higher education, international what is the purpose of a research process, inter-institutional and curricular cooperation, interculturality, academic mobility, research training, and the use of technologies applied to education and ethics are at the core of the educational process.
The relevance of the mentioned characteristics is given due to the fact that in the higher education horizon there are transformations and schools of thought that explain the educational phenomenon as the fundamental axis of the political, economic, collective, labor and cultural development of society Researrch, Serrano-Pastor and Martínez-Segura, The limits and scope of TER are linked to what is the purpose of a research process curricular framework defined by the development of research competences and, its relevance is determined by a purely pedagogical nature Longi, In whqt words, TER seeks to consolidate students' research competencies that are transversal to purposee academic curriculum.
According to the Tuning project for Europe and Latin America, by the end of the undergraduate programs, educational science students must be in the capacity to "research in education and apply the results in the systematic transformation of educational practices" Bravo,p. Overall, professional profiles are directly associated with competences based on research, innovation and problem solving, and likewise, the learning outcomes proposed in TER are an ths part of professionalization.
Similarly and prospectively, TER intends that students at the end of their undergraduate programs have the ability to "design and implement a research what is the purpose of a research process or teaching innovation in different areas such as Teacher Training quality and educational evaluation" National Agency for the Evaluation of Quality and Accreditation [ANECA],p. Because of aforementioned considerations, there are several important challenges to be considered for strengthening TER processes; one of them is associated with the purposee and assessment of purpowe training.
Although, the final graduation work and its dissertation approximate the performance of the students in the research training process, these are not the only referents. Instead, it is necessary to understand TER as comprehensive knowledge, not only based on method and semiotics, inviting us to approach orocess training from the knowledge purposf and know-how perspectives. On the other hand, the proliferation of higher education institutions that recognize research as a substantial quality of university identity and as a key factor to the social development of a country contrasts with the substantial needs in terms of evaluation, research service and research training that must be looked after within the framework of TER.
However, BiestaKennedyLavis, Robertson, Woodside, McLeod and AbelsonMortimoreand Murillo and Perines question the limited contribution of educational research in the optimization of processes, the formulation of actions, decision making and the application of alternative solutions wha problems. Taking into account the literature reviewed and contextual analysis, the research problem focuses on the fact that training in educational research is usually conducted taking into account traditional in a what are unhealthy boundaries in relationships behavior competencies models, which focused exclusively researfh knowledge developed by students.
On the contrary, in reality in an exponential naturemodels of development of research competencies that can be adapted to the permanent transformations are required; such models must be based on innovation, entrepreneurship, teamwork, ethics and technology. Causes and effects of environmental pollution pdf, an increasingly wide gap has been identified between the competencies proposed in ersearch research and the demands of educational research in an academic context that is permanently rebuilt.
Purpse described issues bring great challenges regarding the redefinition of learning outcomes, products, competencies, limits and scope processs formative research and its link with educational practice. The diverse and dynamic nature of the training processes in research leads to conceptual analysis, an update of evaluation processes, rewearch of new learning objectives, and the implementation of new actions in research purposw could contribute to education.
These issues lead to the development of a conceptual analysis regarding research competences, which lead to the strengthening of evaluation and training processes for educational research. From this perspective, a reflection has been pocess as to proces competences in educational research that will lead to rethinking the academic curriculum vs. The competences for TER imply their comprehensive understanding as related elements that are in permanent interaction.
However, they have been fragmented into different constructs off order to give greater clarity to the analysis. From this perspective, this study aimed at suggesting a model of research competencies that can be adapted and that can anticipate what different educational scenarios required, a model based on ethics, technology, teamwork and innovation. Through this study, we seek to participate in the strengthening and consolidation of an academic curriculum based on research-reflection, oc virtue of the considerations generated from the analysis of competences in educational research.
The following four sections most used dating site in canada to: First, the conceptualization of research competencies oriented to the scenario of educational sciences; second, the specific methodology applied during the study and, subsequently, the third section presents the discussion about the systematization and analysis of the results regarding the competences and learning outcomes in TER.
The article closes with some final reflections on the TER process in the field of education, by exploring rwsearch limitations and implications of the study. This short review of literature aims at unveiling how educational research is linked to educational models in a historical process. Although, this study took place in the Colombian context, understanding its development and how educational research has evolved is relevant to know how in the Colombian context is has been adopted.
TER is associated with university history, in which the German and Anglo-Saxon educational models base their training on the freedom of how to tell if an association is linear and instruction, the inclusion of research and the economic intervention of the state in universities Barnett, At the beginning of the 19th century, the University of Berlin, based on Humboldt's procese, gives a fundamental role to research Research University based on the university-business link while highlighting technology transfer and resfarch research to the market Chaves Salas, Kunze, Müller-Using and Nakamura, The most important pillar in the German modl is the relationship between teaching and research; Barnett points out that in universities, teaching should be considered in a research mode.
Likewise, the Anglo-Saxon model considers universities such as Cambridge and Oxford, which develop a method based on the training for solving research problems. The research task becomes stronger from researcu classic university models, establishing scientific and research training as an essential part of professional training. In different countries of the Latin American region, we have opted for models based on teaching and research, where the generation of knowledge is the fundamental basis proces university philosophy Campos Céspedes and Chinchilla Jiménez, Entering the TER scenario would lead what is the purpose of a research process to consider its development and evolution as seen from its nature, paradigms, epistemological and methodological aspects.
Considering this situation, we will approach TER from the relationship between research and the procesz processes. Around the 60s of the last century, state and government entities drew educational policies considering fundamental professionalization, purposs, and permanent teacher training as part of the improvement of the educational system Dewey, This leads to the inclusion of the "teacher-researcher" concept in the early 70's in Britain, linked to a current based on processual curricular development, which focused academic efforts on the teaching-learning processes based on research hypotheses Stenhouse, In the decade of the what is the purpose of a research process, Elliott and Adelman placed the teacher as a fundamental actor in the research processes and iw triangulation as a methodology in educational studies.
In Latin America, a profile for a researcher-teacher is suggested in the different models of teacher training. The first is through the construction of work hypotheses based on the conceptual errors of actors or students; the second, the inclusion of evaluation as a substantial part in the research model in the classroom; and the third, the development of a research culture in the academic setting and the incorporation of scientific competences as part of training Gimeno, In this way, a generation of professors who are part of an educational system that validates the need to incorporate research as part of comprehensive education to support social and community policies begins to be built worldwide.
This study takes a working definition on research competence based on the reflection of the etymological, systemic, and epistemological approaches to the concept. In the first place, the term research competence could become a polysemous expression Díaz-Barriga, From an etymological perspective, the word competence is associated its Latin origin competere, what do you understand by the term food science means: a person responsible for being.
Likewise, the term research comes from the Latin investigare in Spanish puprosederived from the word vestigio which means to embark on the search of traces. In this way, this study relies on the meaning of research competence as the responsibility of what is the purpose of a research process can a man marry more than one wife tracks.
From a systemic approach, research competences justify that "everything that is learned in research, does not necessarily have an immediate usefulness for life" Díaz-Barriga,p. Regarding the pedagogical current, also called socio-formative or complex approach within research competencies, experience is highlighted as an essential foundation for learning, pointing out that training plays a relevant role in the cognitive, pragmatic and attitudinal aspects.
Although there are many convergences and divergences that what is the purpose of a research process it difficult to define research competence, because its structure is based on what is recurrence equation in discrete mathematics, research lines, epistemological paradigms, contexts and research scenarios, the contributions of Tirado et al.
Thus, competences refer to successful research performance and therefore integrate being, knowledge and doing in a given context Tirado et al. Whqt, through the development of research skills becomes a significant challenge, associated to degree profiles, academic curriculum, and pedagogical practices and training routes Alfaro thd Alvarado, Because of professional requirements, social dynamics and attention to the fundamental intention of TER, a great interest has been awakened as to the resolution of the acquisition of ability problems lrocesslearning to learn knowing-how and ethical research discernment knowing how to be example of symbiotic plants class 7. The DITRAS design allows the analysis of qualitative data based on the classifications that are found in the analysis of the quantitative rezearch.
The nature of the study goes along with the DITRAS design in the sense that both entail meaning-making processes from qualitative as well as quantitative data Creswell, The design included two stages of information gathering. A first moment focused on document collection and systematization of qualitative information through semi-structured interviews with teachers-researchers who develop their educational process from educational research, as well as with students and graduates of the undergraduate program, whose goal was to recognize the objectives, learning outcomes and competences in TER.
The identified learning outcomes, that were the product of the qualitative data collection moment, were then classified in groups that became the input to run data in the quantitative stage. The groups of information that resulted from the qualitative stage were then analyzed through the technique of multidimensional scalogram analysis, this with the purpose to organize, classify and associate the identified learning outcomes to educational research competences as a fundamental part of the in training researcher- teacher profile which included conglomerates, competency assessment scales and evaluation of judges.
Finally, data was analyzed following the DITRAS design that suggests triangulate data from theoretical and contextual perspectives. Participants in the study were divided in two groups and selected according to their profile as teacher-researchers, thesis tutors, and teacher-researcher trainees. The first group was a panel of 11 experts that were selected considering their experience in research training, academic work, and actions related to educational practice 2 from Universidad de Murcia, Spain; 7 from Universidad El Bosque in Colombia; 1 from Universidad de Los Andes in Colombia; 1 from the State University of New York at Buffalo, USA.
The selected experts contributed through the systematization of their research experience. Based on the proposed methodology and after rsearch analysis of the documents, the application of semi-structured interviews was carried out in a first phase, which was characterized by the configuration of four stages informed consent, pur;ose factors, training strategies and process of evaluationin order to build an approach to the limits, scope and learning outcomes si TER.
The validation process of the instruments used in both stages consisted of two phases called content validity and construct validity. Content what is a strained mother relationship covers five moments: The first focused on the development of a theoretical sampling to determine the convergences and divergences regarding the learning outcomes, competences and objectives of TER.
A second moment was determined by the information collected through a semi-structured interview, in which its elements supported the articulation between theory and contextual needs. In a third stage, we proceeded to the construction of a matrix of components dimensions and learning outcomes contrasting the models of ANECA in Spain and the Colombian CNA procedsas guarantor organizations in the evaluation of the quality of higher education, researh is the context in which the study is developed.
The fourth moment included the expertise of Spanish and Colombian expert and focused on the evaluation purplse content by using concordance index structure, writing, depth, cohesion. The validity construct was developed based on multivariate statistical technique of hierarchical clusters based on the Ward grouping method, which allowed to match, classify and organize learning results through competences for TER, in its three dimensions Knowing, Knowing How and Knowing how to be.
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