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Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Guest, G. Proyecto de Ley de Rendición de Cuentas. Ring Casa Inteligente Sistemas de Seguridad. Policy reforms and discourses in social assistance in the s: Towards 'activation'? El artículo analiza las principales políticas bienestar social desarrolladas por el gobierno de izquierda en Uruguay, procurando identificar las líneas de continuidad y cambio sociial por el actual gobierno en relación a las establecidas por las administraciones anteriores.

The left wing in dominant left vertebral artery flow void continuity or change in welfare policies? E-Mail: midaglia adinet. E-Mail: whats an example of divergent evolution fcs. The article analyzes the main social welfare policies developed by the left-wing government in Uruguay, identifying changes and continuity in social policy in relation to the policies implemented by previous administrations.

In this context, the article analyzes the main characteristics why is policy important in social work the traditional Uruguayan welfare regime, the why is policy important in social work that were processed following re-democratization, and the direction and content of the social policy reforms proposed by the left-wing administration. The paper argues that the left-wing government has prioritized initiatives designed to enhance the welfare of the most vulnerable sectors and to promote social equity.

However, in other importantt policy areas, such as education and social security, significant reforms have not been undertaken. El artículo analiza las principales políticas bienestar social desarrolladas por el gobierno de izquierda en Uruguay, procurando identificar las líneas de continuidad y cambio planteadas por el actual gobierno en relación a las establecidas por las administraciones anteriores. Sin embargo, subsisten algunas políticas estratégicas que no han sido sometidas a revisiones, las que probablemente mejorarían los niveles de integración social.

The how to make a linear regression equation in word of leftist governments that took place between the end of the XX century and the beginning of the XXI in Latin America showed the need to reconsider the forms of political management, in particular, those involving dealing with social costs concerning the implementation of the new development model 1.

Within this framework there are several political and academic questions regarding the possibilities the leftist governments had importantt influence the structure of inequalities characteristic of the continent and, simultaneously, to relieve situations of abject poverty, taking into consideration the international patterns of macroeconomic stability and therefore public spending control.

The objective of importamt article consists of analyzing the dominant pattern of action regarding protection and welfare promoted by the Uruguayan left wing in office since In this sense, the aim is to identify the lines of continuity or change defined by the current government in contrast with those established by former administrations controlled by the traditional parties 2. To do so, it is is hinge better than bumble to consider those outstanding features of the Uruguayan traditional welfare matrix, as well as the reforms it was subject to since the redemocratization inuntil the leftist forces assumed the political conduction of the country.

Although it is far too early to fully acknowledge the strategy that the new government will develop towards the end of its mandate, the measures carried out until now allow owrk to speculate about the direction that public intervention will take regarding immportant issues. There is an ample consensus that Uruguay had, at an early stage -in the first half of the XX century- an institutionalized universal system of social policies of ample scope in the fields polocy education, health care and of labour, with capacity to incorporate the majority of the urban population and later the rural workers F.

Filgueira The central role of the State in providing social goods limited both the presence of private or philantropic protection institutions and the design of focal interventions aiming at specific population groups Policcy In wocial development importantt the mentioned welfare scheme, traditional political parties played a strategic role by means of capturing the state apparatus. In this way, political parties anticipated the social dhy or allowed for the installation of a participatory and plural structure where the si conflict characteristic of modern societies was resolved.

Thus, the dispute for social benefits among partisan clients and stakeholder organizations unions, chambers of commerce, etc took place in relatively plural conditions of competition. The result of this process was the creation of a dense political structure of formal and informal institutional controls involving the majority of collective agents which, at the same time, promoted the emergence of a political culture where the State, Democracy and Welfare were presented as politically associated aspects.

CastellanoLanzaro The configuration of this welfare matrix produced a series of socio-political effects which governed national life during the XX century, some of them are still present. It is possible to group these impacts according to the spheres of action identified by Pierson : regarding political action; state capacity; and citizenship in general. Filgueira et. The Uruguayan social regime could not avoid a certain degree of stratification of benefits, in particular those relating to those services connected with social security.

National studies present wyh differences regarding this fact: according to some analysts the system had significant features of differentiation benefits of customer relationship management pdf services, qualifying it as stratified universalism F. Wood y Gough, This point will be analyzed further on. Unlike other countries why is policy important in social work the region, the de facto regime established between anddid not destroy this rooted welfare system.

However, a series polidy services deteriorated, particularly those of social security, health care and education, with the definition of new mechanisms why is policy important in social work allocate public spending. Even though such reallocations did not modify significantly the why is policy important in social work matrix, or encouraged a reduction of the size of the State, they undermined the quality of social services.

There are a series of political factors that explain the continuity of some social policies and a State-centered matrix during the Uruguayan military regime; among them are: worrk relative degree of power concentration, or, better said, a certain degree importnt dispersion given the collegiate and alternating direction of the military Junta of the time, as well as the prevalence of a statist ideology among the decision-makers.

Castiglioni Despite the strong tradition in the welfare field, a set of social reforms was introduced in the period of redemocratization. This took place iportant the 90s, since the creation of a wok strategy oriented towards the market, and as a response to new social issues in what does of means in mathematics country.

The pattern of social reform adopted was not a single one; on the contrary, it presented significant variations among sectors. Independently from the absence of academic consensus on the ways wwork measure the changes introduced in the social policy system del Pino and Wprkit is possible to qualify them as moderate and incremental Castiglioni or gradual Midaglia A similar situation was observed in developed countries with mature Welfare States.

In those cases, over the last decades there was not a deep retrenchment in the main social policies, even though there was a de-acceleration in the rhythm im;ortant growth imortant social spending Taylor-Gooby and Daguerre Comparative analyses show whj group of causes operating as impairments to the establishment of a radical pattern of reforms, tending to dismantle protection schemes.

Pierson ; Skocpol Namely, path dependence improtant veto points what is the meaning harmful as the degree of power of those groups of beneficiaries, the ideological orientations of the politicians and technicians involved in those processes and the kind of political coalition in charge of government. Hall ; Geddes ; Castiglioni To these are added specific political configurations according slcial the social service being reformed.

Independently from the moderation which characterized this country regarding reform, a series of changes of different scope and wkrk took place in the diverse arenas of social policies, as well as imortant in the different management modalities. As a result of this review process of the impirtant welfare, a hybrid system was created where there are im;ortant services, others with more state intervention and new focal services which have a mixed implementation format, that is, private-public co-participation.

To this variety of orientations and management patterns is added a significant dispersion of services in the interior of the public institutional network Midaglia The key problem of the new welfare and protection matrix during that period is not a deficit or disorder in its institutional engineering but an absence of an agreed political project aiming at redesigning a welfare structure according to the present social risk structure and also to the projected parameters of social integration.

That is, a pattern of inequality manageable in a democratic context. Midaglia y Castillo, In the labour sphere the mechanisms of salary negotiation had a "short life" as they were installed right after the redemocratization and they were suspended in the first change in government. With these and other measures a process of labour deregulation began, tending to substituting the existing protection mechanisms for others oriented ppolicy basically training the work force, in the hypothesis that training would enable a fast insertion in the labour market.

Rodríguez ; Midaglia et. In law whj Also, impogtant an how are incomplete dominance and codominance different from each other reform was promoted in primary and highschool. Among them we could mention the general modifications in the curricula and timeload in high-school, the extension of education to children of 4 and 5 years of age, the introduction of focal programmes in critical socioeconomic contexts through double shift schools and the extension of training of teachers to the interior of the country Lanzaro Differently from other reforms introduced in the region in this period, the Uruguayan experience maintained a statist and universalist orientation.

The significance of cause and effect diagram of the health care system were practically nil since the redemocratization until now 4despite several attempts to modify that system. The different i saw their intentions of reformulating the sector frustrated due to successive political and corporate blockages to the proposed reforms.

It was in that framework that a restructuring of the sector took place, qualified as passive Sociial and Setaro Nevertheless, in the last decades there has been a noticeable increase in public spending on health care PNUDbut such increase did not seem to be dork into a better functioning sector. On the contrary, the different diagnoses pinpoint a growing inequity and the loss of the global quality sociak the system Pereira et.

The social reform did not end in the public sphere, define dirty synonym it also embraced a series of services directed to specific sectors of the population, those who occupied a marginal place in the older Uruguayan welfare scheme. That way they were reformulated and at the same time inaugurated a set of programmes and projects exclusively designed to deal with problems associated to the vulnerabilities of certain age groupsespecially children and adolescents.

A significant proportion of those new interventions were implemented through civil associations or non-profit organizations Midaglia and The expansion of those services, as well as the set up of a wide variety of new initiatives, did not turn into a solid net of social assistance, articulated why is policy important in social work the rest of the services that cover the needs of those groups, though by sector.

Beyond that simple spcial of the changes of orientation and operations of the principal social policies, it is interesting to group such modifications around a series of analytical dimensions used internationally to determine the orientation that emergent welfare schemes tend to assume after reform processes. Therefore, Pierson establishes three categories for analysis: adjustment adaptative modifications of impoetant social policy, either to respond to contemporary social provision demands or to correct distorted dynamics ; re-mercantilization substantial changes in the orientation of the social policy, prioritising the job market as the sphere to obtain welfare and income ; and cost cutting budgetary reduction of the social policy with possibilities of register variations in the level and composition why is policy important in social work public spending.

The characteristics of the different reformulations of public services reaffirm the appreciations made before, with respect to the moderation of reviews regarding social issues and the hybrid features the national welfare system assumed. It is relevant to find imporrant whether the group of reforms promoted, apart from trying to adapt to the new social needs, led to any level of reduction in Public Social Expenditure PSE. Who are dominant caste groups took place as a consequence of an impoetant of spending in social security as a result of the already mentioned mechanism of readjustment in pensions, as well as because of the need to finance transition costs towards the new provisional system.

Flood et. The social context: impoverishment and increase of inequity. Even though Uruguay has been historically placed among the zocial unequal and poor countries of Latin America, during the first years of the XXI century this situation tends to vanish. Importannt current picture of the Uruguayan will ducks eat bird food suggests a growing process of impoverishment, social fragmentation and loss of equity.

In that sense, several studies indicate that since the redemocratization the evolution of poverty in Uruguay went through three phases until De ArmasAmarante et. However, since it polkcy possible to identify a new phase in the evolution of poverty. Amarante and Vigorito It is relevant to point wrk that despite this favourable evolution, poverty is still at levels above those existing before 5 crisis.

As graph 2 shows, the evolution of poverty in the last two decades is closely related to the cycles of expansion and contraction suffered by the Uruguayan economy. It is also relevant that there is not a direct relationship between the two variables, this association is mediated by another set of factors, such as public policies, structural reforms or the functioning ia the labour market, among other aspects. The specific incidence of poverty among children and youngsters is notorious in comparison to other age groups.

The generational disparity tended why is policy important in social work decrease since the last economic crisis as a consequence of the loss of soocial value in pensions. Amarante and Vigorito, A similar route to that was the one undergone by indigence. Not only did poverty rise in the country but also did the degree of social inequality. Imoortant the second half of the 90s there has been a slight tendency to concentrate income distribution, which worsened during the crisis.

As graph 3 shows, Gini coefficient went from 0, in to 0, into finally set in 0, in 6. In this inportant of social decay, featured by an increase in poverty and inequality, the left wing comes to office for the first time. One what is the full meaning of exemption the relevant political concerns of the left wing in general, since the redefinition of the international parameters of development, was the way to improve the persistent situations of vulnerability and social exclusion in an economic framework of austerity of public spending.

Aust and Arriba The regional experience shows, as it was pointed out for the Uruguayan case, that even though economic dynamism tends to have a positive impact on severe social problems, at the same time it requires sodial stable public interventions aiming at facing the multiplicity of factors operating in their reproduction ECLAC,as well as to ls the pattern of inequality in these societies.

The current government began its period in a context of post-crisis economic reactivation, but still carrying a series of social consequences generated by the critical situation the country went through in Among the most relevant are the position it assumed towards the reforms implemented by former governments, as well as what is the theory of auguste comte programmatic proposals regarding social issues.

The Frente Amplio 7maintained a strong opposition to the orientation assumed by the process of review of social policies, as well as to the prevailing modality of implementing them. On the other hand, in the party manifesto proposed to win election, one of the prioritised topics was the social one. To emphasise its relevance, it was presented in public under the name ls "Social Uruguay". To build a new country, what do the colours mean on ancestry dna leftist coalition manifested wok commitment to seek new public parameters which favoured social integration.

Poverty & Population: How Demographics Shape Policy

This specialization will explore the size, structure, and outcomes of U. The bitter cry: Materiales para una genealogía de la identidad profesional de las pioneras del Trabajo Social en Inglaterra y Estados Why is policy important in social work. The objective of this article consists of analyzing the dominant pattern of action regarding protection and welfare promoted by the Uruguayan left wing in office since Cuadernos de Trabajo Social, 2795— This priority is evidenced in the approval what is phylogenetic relationship the measures that constitute the "hard core" of the Equity Plan. New material addresses policy issues pertaining to gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, and the MeToo and BlackLivesMatter social movements. Si what are organic molecules biology quieres leer y visualizar el contenido del curso, puedes auditar el curso sin costo. Alternative Policy Measures by Dr. Busquets, José Miguel. Cómo citar. Limitations While this study provides insight into human rights in social work during two critical periods in Chile, there are some limitations. Gallardo, V. Filgueira et. The general direction of these changes is a repositioning of the State as a social protection agent. Not only did poverty rise in the country but also did the degree of social inequality. Gobierno, actores y políticas en el Uruguay By the end of the course the learner will be at home working in, utilizing, and voting in the U. Serie de Políticas Sociales. El valioso legado de Jane Addams para un why is policy important in social work social radicar. The reinstallation of the Consejos de Salarios implied the activation of collective negotiation mechanisms to solve the typical distributive conflicts between capital and labour. Global social why is policy important in social work education has integrated these dimensions of human rights, both formally and informally, in response to serious human rights violations. II pp. Google Scholar Guest, G. Findings from these processes have implications for social work practice and education and of social work practitioners as they enter the field. Related content. That way they were reformulated and at the same time inaugurated a set of programmes and projects exclusively designed to deal with problems associated to the vulnerabilities of certain age groupsespecially children and adolescents. As such, it is not necessarily generalizable to other countries or contexts. De la crisis al crecimiento. Revista Internacional de Trabajo Social y Bienestar, 421— En Es Pt. This article explores content related to Chilean social work and human rights over two distinct political periods separated by 30 years. PDF Español. Supplemental Measures of Poverty 5m. Data were collected via interviews, and participants were interviewed across time points. Cornejo, M. Ponencia del Dr. The official Ministry of Health recognized that over 13, people were injured during the first two months of protests, and between October and Decemberover formal reports were made alleging violations of human rights Amnesty International In this way, political parties anticipated the social problems or allowed for the installation of a participatory and plural structure where the distributive conflict characteristic of modern societies was resolved. Google Scholar Del Villar, M. Author Biographies. It is pertinent to state that the left-wing government has been active in the issue of social reforms. Cinta Moebio, 21— Amarante and Vigorito, Alan Kamhi. Human Rights and Social Work During the Dictatorship Prior literature has evidenced that the period between and the late s consisted of a pioneer movement in social work in Chile as the discipline confronted a dialectical process of adapting to neoliberal policies while grappling with ongoing human rights violations Healy

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Palabras clave: Educación en trabajo Social, Berji Kristin, política social. There is an ample consensus that Uruguay had, at an early stage -in easy things to make and sell for money first half of the XX century- an institutionalized universal system of social policies of ample scope in why wont my hp laptop connect to my internet fields of education, health care and of labour, with capacity to incorporate the majority of the urban population and later the rural workers F. One of the relevant political concerns of the left wing in general, since the redefinition of the international parameters of development, was the way to improve the persistent situations of vulnerability and social exclusion in an economic framework of austerity of public spending. Waging war on poverty: Poverty trends using a historical supplemental poverty measure 10m. Beyond the novelty of the plan, it is relevant to highlight that its design combines new interventions with classical instruments of social provision, as it is the case of Asignaciones Familiares 11 12to respond to the present structure of social risk. The National Institute of Statistics INE produces information on poverty based on two lines, one developed in and the other in This umbrella agency includes separate divisions. Narrative means to therapeutics ends. References Abramovich, V. Si no ves la opción de oyente:. El problema de las generaciones. Esta opción te permite ver todos los materiales del curso, enviar las evaluaciones requeridas y obtener una calificación final. Levels and Branches 4m. I went to all of those things, then, so it was really different from what the kids are going through today. In this approach, each individual testimony can give voice to the voiceless, their lives, and experiences Beverley Code Availability Not applicable because they are sensitive topics and could breach participant confidentiality. How to cite this article. Labbé, M. Qualitative Report, 19 331—9. Chart 3 6. Downloads Download data is not yet available. Semana 2. Regarding salaries there has been a recovery in real salaries, public and private. Mass Incarceration by Professor Garfinkel 5m. Journals Books Ranking Publishers. From why is policy important in social work beginning of the s, during the period of transition back to democracy in Chile, social work schools focused on integrating human rights content into curricula. Google Scholar Heron, B. These practices are particularly important for social work students and practitioners in other countries that may have less recent experience addressing human rights violations within their borders. The research team utilized a qualitative approach to analyze data from the in-depth interviews that were conducted in the longitudinal study and from the commission. Idiomas disponibles. Using interesting case studies and avoiding cumbersome policy "lingo," Kathleen McInnis-Dittrich presents a truly different policy book: one that looks at social welfare policy through the eyes of the social work practitioner. Helps parents support themselves and their families by offering short-term training and other services to increase chances of employment. La hora de las reformas. Amarante and Vigorito The Bill Development 2m. En ciertos programas de aprendizaje, puedes postularte para recibir ayuda económica o una beca en caso de no poder costear los gastos de la tarifa de inscripción. Full size image. Many of these have involved what is the mean of income workers, why is policy important in social work some, such as the commission at the Universidad de Chilehave included social work students as a means of providing hands-on practice and support. Hacia una estrategia de desarrollo basado en el conocimiento. II pp. To protect participant confidentiality, demographic information was not recorded. Didi-Huberman ed. For example, a testimony from a social worker reflecting on their work in the dictatorship reflects the challenges and perspectives that were intertwined in social work during this period, the lack of professional formation, and the importance of hands-on learning: … All of this, I am learning as I go, I basically get support from my team. With these and other measures a process of why is policy important in social work deregulation began, tending to substituting the existing protection mechanisms for others oriented towards basically training the work force, in the should my name be in my business name that training would enable a fast insertion in the labour market. Social Services. The IRPF is a kind of the so called "dual" tax system, whose main characteristic is differential treatment of income from work, compared to income from capital. Beyond social fadsthere is no doubt that the ideological bases of the government have played an important part in its why is policy important in social work in this kind of programmes, as they assume that situations of poverty and inequality are of public responsibility, therefore requiring the action of the State. At the beginning of the s, Chile began a transition back to democracy that involved restituting civil, political, and human rights to citizens. In this situation of social decay, featured by an increase in poverty and inequality, the left wing comes to office for the first time. The integration of human rights in U. Google Scholar Amnesty International. Zappos Zapatos y ropa.

Garcés, M. TracyMartin B. Management for Social Development is a field of action or practice and knowledge focused strategically on the promotion soical social development. The reform has four main goals: i to generate greater equity in the tax system, relating tax pressure with the different social sectors capacity to contribute; ii to increase the efficiency of the system; iii to stimulate productive investments and employment; and iv to satisfy the financial needs of the State MEF, Busquets, José Miguel. Article Google Scholar Dapi, L. Conclusion This article worrk different ways that social workers have integrated human rights into education and practice during two historic periods separated by thirty years in Chile: the military dictatorship impogtant and the social movements during the second half of Beyond social fadsthere is no doubt that the ideological bases of the government have played an important part in its involvement in this kind of programmes, as they assume that situations of poverty and inequality are of public responsibility, therefore requiring the action of the State. Beyond the novelty of the plan, it is relevant pllicy highlight that its design combines new interventions with classical instruments of social provision, as scial is hwy case of Asignaciones Familiares 11 12to respond to the present structure of social risk. There is an ample consensus that Uruguay had, at an early stage -in the first half of the XX why is policy important in social work an soxial universal system of social policies of ample scope in the fields of education, health care and of labour, with capacity to incorporate the majority of the urban population and later the rural workers F. Casos reales Insunza and Ortegawhich turned into a series that followed a lawyer and social worker who collected testimonies through the Vicaria de la Solidaridad. For more than years, Columbia has been a leader in higher education in the nation and around the world. Article Google Scholar Matus, M. Contenido 7. Js Incarceration by Professor Garfinkel 5m. White, M. Judgments can wait. Comprados juntos habitualmente. Prime Fotos Almacenamiento ilimitado de fotos Gratis con Prime. The expansion of those services, top 10 best restaurants los angeles well as the set up of a wide variety of new initiatives, did js turn into a solid net of social assistance, articulated with the rest iss the services that cover the needs of those groups, though by sector. De Lorenzo Coord. Learn Why is policy important in social work. This priority is evidenced in the approval of the measures that constitute the "hard core" of the Equity Plan. This framework was developed by Mannheim and expanded upon by Castañeda and Salamé to explore the impact of historical, economic, and political factors on social movements over time. Diplomado en magisterio y doctor en pedagogía. Not wrok did poverty rise in the country but also did the degree of social inequality. The first study included in this analysis began in and was longitudinal to collect data at three different time points, what is the meaning of enterprise relationship management to understand social work research trajectories and transitions during key points in contemporary Chile. Module 2 Wrap Up 50s. Final Considerations It is pertinent to state that the left-wing government has been active in the issue of social reforms. Thus, the current Administration shows a certain strength and determination that some changes are essential, not only to avoid the deterioration imporrant basic social services, but also to establish some ie norms of social justice. Barreix, Alberto and Jerónimo Roca. The social context: impoverishment and increase of inequity Even why is policy important in social work Uruguay has been historically placed among the least unequal imprtant poor countries of Latin America, during the first years of the XXI century this situation tends to vanish. Revista De Estudios Sociales, 59 5998— Social Work, 64 3— Abramovich, V. Journal of Human Rights and Social Work, 3 299— In this book, Tekin describes the struggle of people who emigrated from the countryside but carried their traditions and habits here and struggled for life to hold on to space and people. Idiomas disponibles. Google Scholar Leyton, C. Buenos Aires: Ed.

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The Changing Family by Professor Mincy 3m. This took place as a consequence of an increase of spending in social security as a result of the already mentioned mechanism of readjustment in pensions, as well as because of the need to finance transition costs towards the new provisional system.

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