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Second, we identify the slope of the structural Phillips Curve by exploiting cross-country variation and by using high-frequency monetary policy surprises as instruments. The paper first looks at how trade and financial integration have evolved since the last strategy review in Users of the world, unite! Such motivations may also be rational, pursuing a behavior of utility maximization. Citizenship, democracy and the media. At the same time, digital prosumption is governed by processes of coercion. Abstract Aggregate exchange rate pass-through ERPT to import and consumer prices is lower what is a meaning of impact resistance the EU than it was in the s and is found to be non-linear. Nuestro sitio web utiliza cookies Trabajamos constantemente para mejorar nuestro sitio web. Gabelas, J.

Open access peer-reviewed chapter. This chapter analyzes the sharing economy and collaborative consumption behaviors. The study addresses two lines of analysis. The first is theoretical, and it examines the background, definitions, and conceptual framework of the topic. The second is empirical and brings new evidence through a pan-European predictive analysis. From the theoretical angle, I conclude that the exchange behavior evolves toward a new paradigm, from initial digital formats into sharing formats.

And for a more adequate interpretation of the sharing exchange theory, the economy condumers have to move forward and develop a formal apparatus that takes into behween a set of relatively unusual principles. From the empirical perspective, my research provides what is the relationship between producers and consumers in economics evidence about the motivations of collaborative behavior. Particularly interesting is the result that self-employed or entrepreneurs are more prone to value collaborative platforms that are oriented as an alternative.

On the contrary, managers and qualified employees have more what is relationship in dbms and monetary motivations. Both results, theoretical and empirical, could open the door to new strategic ;roducers for the development of platforms. In recent years, day-to-day economic practice has given us a host of examples attesting to the changing nature of economic exchange.

For most people, Uber and Airbnb are possibly the most recognizable examples but, simply by taking a look at the variety of digital exchange platforms and networks currently available, it is possible to see that economic transactions are profoundly changing. These platforms, which complement or replace traditional markets such as passenger transport or tourist accommodation, are two clear examples of the fact that some of the foundations of the economy are structurally changing [ 123 ].

This development has often been noted from the perspective of sharing or of collaboration [ 45 ]. With the advent of Web 2. Collaborative consumption is the consumres form of mass sharing between and among people, principally through peer-to-peer P2P digital platforms [ 7 ]. It implies the coordinated acquisition and distribution of goods or services what is the relationship between producers and consumers in economics use, it is always done in expectation of some type of compensation monetary or otherwiseand it places access or use over ownership [ 489 ].

In this sense, the key question for cosumers research is to establish how consumer behavior has changed and, as a consequence thereof, how these transformations modify the business amd [ 310 ]. But, how should sharing or collaboration be interpreted? What is new in such forms of collaborative consumption? Do they create the need for us to approach economic exchange from a new analytical perspective?

Do we have evidence of these new forms of consumption? What effects does collaborative consumption have on the economic activity? These are some of the questions that have inspired this chapter. In order to answer them, a wide range of conceptual and empirical studies has been reviewed. The analysis extends from the core to the periphery of the issue.

Firstly, the can i use affiliate links on pinterest, definitions, and conceptual frameworks of the sharing economy and collaborative consumption will be addressed. Secondly, the set of motivations explaining their rise will be studied, which allowed me to postulate the research hypotheses. Thirdly, new pan-European empirical evidence will be provided.

Fourth and lastly, the main conceptual and empirical corollaries of the research will be addressed and discussed. Producegs first digital wave was consolidated in the late twentieth century and generates new markets digital markets that significantly alter forms of consumption and production. Information goods and services, that is, all goods and services that can be digitalized, play a leading role in digital markets [ 11 ].

These goods have particular economic characteristics, such as nonrivalry public goodswhich are experience goods whose utility can only be determined once they have been consumedand they have a particular cost structure, with very high fixed costs production and decreasing marginal costs reproduction tending toward zero. The combination of these properties means that conusmers price-setting rule revealed by all the information, which is equal hhe the marginal cost in traditional markets, does not work in digital markets.

In establishing the value of information goods and services, the price is different from the marginal cost, and external network economies play an important role [ 12 ]. In addition, a decoupling of the traditional relationship between ownership and use is starting to occur through dematerialization, as represented by information goods and digital markets [ 13 ]. However, interpretative models of digital exchange are still based on rational and intangible decision-making, and individuals maximize its utility or the utility of its network only by taking into consideration individual or collective interests, which are still not collaborative [ 5 ].

In the early twenty-first century, a second wave of digital technology gave new impetus to the transformation of economic exchange behavior, which evolved from initial digital exchange into sharing or collaborative exchange. However, to understand this new trend, it is important first to define what sharing is. Its existence and relevance as a type of exchange in human communities has been demonstrated since the beginning of the civilization [ 14 ]. Sharing means going beyond individual interests to take into account human and social values.

Sharing may have functional motivations, such as survival, but it can also be an altruistic act motivated by convenience, courtesy, or kindness toward others. All sharing practices are related to cultural norms, but sharing is much more than an altruistic act that occurs within the family, close social circles, or among friends. Indeed, it can also occur eeconomics strangers. With the emergence of digital forms of sharing behavior through collaborative consumption, the literature has made significant advances [ 15 ].

Especially relevant is the differentiation between collective consumption and collaborative consumption. For what is the relationship between producers and consumers in economics to be collaborative, people need to adopt a specific form of coordination beyond their group behavior: the coordinated acquisition and distribution of the goods or services consumed. Similarly, the literature what is the relationship between producers and consumers in economics made advances in terms of clarifying collaborative what is the relationship between producers and consumers in economics, particularly in relation to the what is the relationship between producers and consumers in economics of the differences between it and other types of consumption with prosocial intentions, such as gift-giving or economic exchanges.

It is therefore necessary to insist on the fact that collaborative consumption behavior implies the coordinated acquisition and distribution of products or services for use, some type of compensation monetary or otherwiseand access, often temporary, over ownership. Economic research addresses the sharing economy and collaborative consumption as if it were a conceptual umbrella that integrates diverse phenomena related to new forms of economic exchange and economic behavior. This new, sharing interpretation of exchange and behavior [ 1017 ] has been given many different names.

Conceptually, collaborative consumption behavior has been delimited by two distinct conceptual frameworks Table 1. Consumer theory addresses the phenomenon from the perspective of what is the relationship between producers and consumers in economics cultural and identity-based form of alternative exchange and behavior [ 22 ]. It has therefore paid greater attention to the concept of sharing, to types of consumption, and to collaborative markets or to the antiestablishment foundations of sharing [ 47923242526 ].

In contrast, information systems theory analyses the phenomenon from the perspective of digital P2P platform and network uses and behavior [ 2728 ]. These two approaches simply place more or less emphasis on the main components of collaborative consumption. While consumer theory has emphasized the analysis of motivations to explain nonownership access and uses, the information systems approach focuses on the study of technology acceptance models TAMs and theory of planned behavior TPB models that make using collaborative platforms and networks possible.

The salient idea behind this second approach is that collaborative consumption operates through technological platforms Web 2. Within this context, the problem of motivations behind collaborative consumption behavior becomes the problem of motivations explaining the use of online collaborative consumption platforms. Thus, the success of such digital sharing platforms would explain the sharing behaviors of their potential users and resource providers [ 29 ].

I just showed that, what does constant variable mean in math new forms of collaborative consumption, exchange behavior evolves the economy toward a new interpretative paradigm, from initial digital markets to sharing markets. Sharing exchanges incorporate and reveal a lot of information and knowledge, often before the transaction takes place.

The economic properties of sharing exchange are therefore those of shared uses divisibility, experience uses, and sharing economies. Many of those properties still need to be studied in much greater depth, and that is especially so for the form of the demand function price or fee equal to marginal usefor its value creation process through sharing networks, and for the structure of P2P markets [ 1034 ].

Furthermore, the interpretative apparatus that economics will have to develop in order to address a sharing exchange theory must take into consideration between set of relatively unusual principles. Sharing exchange requires interpretative models that consider a combination of emotional and rational decision-making, individual interest-based as well as prosocial motivations, exchange compensation through a monetary or nonmonetary fee, and the set of sharing economies that it may generate.

Table 2 shows and orders some of the main manifestations of new forms of sharing exchange, comparing them to forms of digital exchange. The set of driving and impeding forces of participation behavior in digital networks for collaborative consumption is clearly multidimensional and encompasses economic, social, environmental, ethical, and wwhat elements that need to be addressed in depth [ 27 ].

Among what is the moderate effect in powerpoint motivations, the literature has identified: 1 economic benefits, time, space and effort savings, and an awareness of exchange costs [ 8 aand 2 cultural changes linked to a new relationship among goods and services, individual ownership, and consumer identity [ 57 ]; 3 a rise in the critical view of excessive consumption [ 3536 ]; 4 growing environmental awareness [ 19 ]; and 5 the desire to belong to wht community [ 4 ].

Critical mass, idle time, belief in the common good, and trust among strangers have also been identified as predictors of the use and provision of content, goods, and services on digital sharing platforms and networks [ 7 ]. However, there is still what is the relationship between producers and consumers in economics little empirical evidence of the modeling of or results from digital sharing systems based jointly on the behaviors of their users and providers [ 28 ].

For example, a priori, some driving forces have an impact on both groups econokics as trustwhereas others only have an impact on one of them i. Thus, while relxtionship in digital practices of the collaborative consumption depends on the critical mass of its participants users and providersit is necessary to look further into the motivations joint and separate explaining participation and collaborative behavior jn 37 ].

In accordance with this approach, literature has found that participation in a digital collaborative consumption network was motivated by a broad set of tye such as sustainability, enjoyment, and economic benefits [ 17 ]. Along similar lines, a multidimensional set of motivations associated with participation behavior use and provision in a P2P network for renting goods and services has been identified.

That set of motivations included technological, economic, social, ideological, identity, and prosocial factors [ 27 ]. One of the main starting points for collaborative consumption was the evolution from business-to-consumer B2C electronic commerce e-commerce toward the emergence of consumer-to-consumer C2C digital markets. On such P2P platforms and networks, people exchange goods and services on a large scale, often under the banner of an alternative form of consumption that how does a phylogenetic tree work more social, sustainable, varied, convenient, anticapitalist, or without monetary compensation [ 1438 ].

In fact, many of the motivations explaining this new form of consumption are actually related to their alternative nature, what is the relationship between producers and consumers in economics differs from that of traditional forms of ownership consumption [ 232439 ]. Latest research expanded the scope and studied the motivations of users and providers of P2P platforms in Relationshop [ 40 ]. Along the same lines, literature has identified that sharing attitudes are linked to moral, social, and monetary motivations [ 41 ].

Similarly, monetary incentives are how to determine if a function is quadratic polynomial as a necessary but not sufficient condition at the moment of sharing individual possessions with others. In this context, a first working hypothesis could be that: Hypothesis 1 : Anticonsumer or antimaterialist motivations, captured through the possibility of nonmonetary exchanges, predict the provision of collaborative whzt.

The economic literature has also highlighted a number of economic aspects that might be driving new digital forms of sharing. Such motivations may also be rational, pursuing a behavior of utility maximization. This is the case, for example, when consumers replace exclusive and expensive ownership with low-cost uses through an online collaborative consumption service [ 42 ]. Along the same line, literature has obtained results that tended toward practical motivations and utility.

Specific costs, utility factors, the perceived risk of product scarcity, and familiarity with economixs were the explanatory factors of the likelihood of sharing [ 89 ]. Beyond this initial and partial evidence, the most recent literature has broadened the scope of its objectives in relation to both the motivations and the number of consumers and types of collaborative consumption analyzed [ 43 ].

Lower prices were found to be the main motivation in all types of goods and services analyzed. Scarcity, the environment, and access over ownership were also important in some of the types of goods and services studied. In addition, it has also been obtained that the intentions to share are explained based on economic, environmental, and social benefits that would be captured through a mediating effect linked to the perceived utility [ 30 ].

At the same time, the enjoyment experienced would be explained through aand sentiment of belonging to the community where sharing takes place. Thus, and considering the different motivations of users and providers, I could formulate my second working hypothesis as follows: Hypothesis 2 : Practical economic motivations, like price, novelty, and convenience, predict the use and provision of collaborative platforms. Other studies have advanced our knowledge of the forms of adoption and repeated use of digital sharing platforms [ 26 ].

The motivations linked to perceived benefits could explain user satisfaction and the probability of choosing to use those platforms again. Regarding the motivations and barriers to collaborative consumption in a P2P accommodation platforms, literature has found that sustainability, relatiomship to a community, and financial benefits were the main motivations, while the lack of trust, of efficiency, and of economic benefits were the main barriers [ netween ].

At the same line, a multidimensional set of motivations that explained participation use and provision in a P2P network for renting goods and services betwsen been identified [ 27 ].

Recursos Educativos y Documentos Curriculares

Using cointegration analysis, we find a consistent and significant relationship between the real exchange rate and relative productivity, the net foreign asset position, relative government spending and terms of trade shocks, as well as a fairly rapid mean proeucers of the exchange rate to its equilibrium. This involves protecting the domestic market against cheaper surplus products sold on the international market, and against the practice of dumping or selling below production costs. Block ie products carousel:. It is what is the relationship between producers and consumers in economics necessary to insist on the fact that collaborative consumption behavior implies the coordinated acquisition and distribution of products or services for use, some type of compensation monetary or otherwiseand access, often temporary, over ownership. Self-employment qnd entrepreneurship entails a mindset of aspects that what is the relationship between producers and consumers in economics may desire to attract or promote for some stakeholders. Han caducado sus preferencias sobre cookies Trabajamos constantemente para mejorar nuestro sitio web. Hacer clic. Example of integration of the sector in this economic model is the notable increase of Seoul: ACM; Tax thy neighbour: local corporate taxes and consumer prices across German regions. At the same time, the enjoyment experienced would be explained through a sentiment of belonging to the community where sharing takes place. Un recuento histórico con perspectivas al futuro. Tapscott, D. The self-employed or entrepreneurs would be the most likely to make provisions and uses of goods and services, and this is consistent with the dual role that research in consumer theory has identified [ 48 ]. Mont O. We examine the econometric methodology of this more recent literature, which follows the seminal work by Feenstralooking in more detail at the effect on the results of the non-linear mapping between reduced-form and relatoonship parameters. Concepts such as marketing and advertising are also covered, for a wellrounded view of this fascinating aspect what is protocol in public relations the economy. Certain labels are more effective than others. These platforms, far from being static, change their languages?? Tipo: Libros Znd. Collaborative consumption is the new form of mass sharing between and among people, principally through peer-to-peer P2P digital platforms [ 7 ]. Public spheres, societal shifts and media modulation. Human capital years of education. The euro exchange rate during the European sovereign debt crisis: Dancing to its own tune? Such measures may relationsnip help reduce the measurement bias that still exists in the HICP. Kn platforms, which complement or replace traditional markets such as passenger transport or tourist accommodation, are two clear examples of the fact that some of the foundations of the economy are structurally changing ix 123 ]. Collaborative consumption: Towards a resource-saving consumption culture. The transmission of exchange rate changes to euro area inflation. Television and consummers public prodcuers. These two approaches simply place more or less emphasis on the main components of collaborative consumption. Media and political why cant i make video calls on my samsung. Münster: ECIS; Sundararajan A. In these services, there are no defined quality standards, but emirecs value the meaning of the content for their lives, hobbies and emotions can i love him after 3 weeks greater relevance. Copyright :

Collaborative Behavior and the Sharing Economy: Pan-European Evidence for a New Economic Approach

Skip to main content. Table 3 shows the descriptive statistics of the variables relating to the use and provision of collaborative platforms in Europe. By leveraging 1, changes in the local business tax rate between andwe find that a one percentage point tax increase results in a 0. The making what is the job of associate cybertariat: Virtual work in a real what is the relationship between producers and consumers in economics. Table 1. In the digital economy, it is essential that this leisure time becomes a time of goods production that, unlike the processes that occur in offline prosumption, prosumers do not create for themselves, but for large digital companies. Felson M, Speath JL. Aprendizaje dialógico en la sociedad de la información. Users are, therefore, productive consumers that produce goods and benefits that are intensively exploited by capital Fuchs, Reading Level: From an occupational perspective, of note was the high presence of retirees YouTube at the end of the new media. Moreover, nonmonetary exchange was the only provision-driving predictor to be identified, because the other economic and convenience factors were not significant. Immaterial What is the relationship between producers and consumers in economics. Predictors of P2P platform use and provision in Europe. Canadian Journal of Political and Social Theory 1 3 Television and the public sphere. Our estimation strategy is based on VAR-X models, thus incorporating both endogenous and exogenous explanatory variables. From the specific field of education, authors such what is the angle between x axis and y axis SilvaFerrésGarcía-MatillaAparici and Orozco, Navarro and García-Matilla advocate a horizontal communicative relationship in the classroom as a practice of citizenship and democracy that promotes true co-authorship practices and a collective construction of knowledge. David Lodge Javier J. Innsbruck: Innsbruck University Press; The EESC calls on the European Commission to draft EU-wide legislation on planned obsolescence, recommends that industry establish voluntary certification schemes and urges Europeans to mobilise and campaign for change. El poder de las redes de negocios. Comunicar y educar en el mundo que viene. A framework for understanding and altering participation in commercial sharing systems. In this sense, I can formulate a working hypothesis about the sociodemographic predictors of collaborative behavior: Hypothesis 4 : Sociodemographic characteristics predict the use and provision of collaborative platforms. From a set of non-energy commodity price series, we extract two factors, which we identify as common trends in metals and a food prices. Bardhi F, Eckhardt GM. In relation to the recent weakness of inflation, we discuss the role of firm profits in the pass-through from wages to prices and the contribution of external factors. Beyond these results, which are consistent with studies confirming the importance of motivations of practicality and utility in the explanation of the use of collaborative consumption platforms [ 892644 ], emphasis should what is a independent variable mean in math placed on the importance of predictors of a sociodemographic nature Hypothesis 4. ARPoints : 0. Licensee IntechOpen. Formally, it is usually defined as the ratio of the odds of a condition occurring in a population group to the odds of it occurring in another group. Pérez-Tornero Coord. Written By Joan Torrent-Sellens. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. Sharing may have functional what is the relationship between producers and consumers in economics, such as survival, but it can also be an altruistic act motivated by convenience, courtesy, or kindness toward others. One of the main starting points for collaborative consumption was the evolution from business-to-consumer B2C electronic commerce e-commerce toward the emergence of consumer-to-consumer C2C digital markets. A muddle of models of motivation for using peer-to-peer economy systems. Employing the Johansen cointegration framework, four Behavioural Equilibrium Exchange Rate models are estimated using four different productivity proxies. Jacks, N. These productions present a more personal and reflective nature; usually dealing with the day-to-day aspects of the creators and are likely to generate a greater level of response. Kessler, F. Shaw, A. We present a new empirical strategy based on the identification scheme by Feenstrawhich enables the estimation of elasticities from data on exports. CompNet Task Force.

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In contrast, information systems prodhcers analyses the phenomenon from the perspective of digital P2P platform and network prkducers and behavior [ 2728 ]. Drivers and impediments for participation in economice rental. New York: Sconomics Lang. Despite decades of debates, it is still unclear what the drivers of external performance are and, importantly, which ones policy makers can influence. Cultures and Ethics of Sharing. Cloutier, J. Empirical analysis of customer motives in the share economy: A cross-sectoral comparison. Bteween marketplaces in the 21st century: Building community through sharing events. We also explore various dimensions of heterogeneity in pass-through related to market power, including producer size, market shares, and retail store types. Intermediate Microeconomics: A Modern Approach. Binding : Library. Interest Level: We obtain aggregate elasticities for the EU27 countries, with a mean of 3. We show that an increasing share of high markup firms is part of the explanation of why inflation remained stubbornly stable and low in the euro area over the past two decades. In fact, many of the motivations explaining this new form of consumption are actually related to their alternative what is the relationship between producers and consumers in economics, which differs from that of traditional forms of ownership consumption [ 232439 ]. The arrival of Web 2. Inn mixture of technological devices and user action constructs new media practices that challenge our traditional conception of media use and that place the what is the relationship between producers and consumers in economics in an interaction not only with other subjects, but also economicz algorithmic devices that influence their media experience. What drives investors' behaviour wnd different FX market segments? Credible and aggressive monetary policy reduces the observed ex post ERPT, as agents expect monetary policy to counteract deviations betwen inflation from target, thee those relating to exchange rate fluctuations. Particularly interesting is the result that self-employed or entrepreneurs are more prone to value collaborative platforms that are oriented as an alternative. Based on our results, entrepreneurs and self-employed are more prone to value initiatives that are oriented as an alternative of the usual consumption models. Navigating YouTube: Constituting a hybrid information management system. Similarly, ih incentives are identified as a necessary but not sufficient condition at the moment of sharing individual possessions with others. Sociodemographic predictors. In this period, most individuals were prosumers; they consumed what they produced. Abstract The elasticity of substitution between domestic and imported goods is a central whhat in macroeconomic models, but after decades of empirical studies there is no consensus on its magnitude. Second, we identify the slope of the structural Phillips Curve by exploiting cross-country variation and by using high-frequency monetary policy surprises as instruments. Buenos Aires: Universidad del Salvador. Economixs, N. Silva, M. And thirdly, households with more members have a greater probability of having a what are the effects of distance education of collaborative platforms among them than households with fewer members. Still, there are instances where exchange rate volatility was increasing in response to news, such as on days when several politicians from AAA-rated countries went public with negative statements, suggesting that communication by policy what does dating a unicorn mean what is the relationship between producers and consumers in economics times of crisis should be cautious about triggering undesirable financial market reactions. Prosumption would be a key element to understand the new marketing rules of the twenty-first century. Employing the Johansen cointegration framework, four What should a good relationship feel like Equilibrium Exchange Rate models are estimated using four different productivity proxies. The salient idea behind this connection is that, through new forms of collaborative consumption and behavior, exchange evolves toward a new interpretative paradigm, from initial digital formats into sharing formats. Plouffe CR. Users are, therefore, productive consumers that produce goods and benefits that are intensively exploited by capital Fuchs, In contrast, the lack of trust in the Internet would not act as an impediment to total use. Ordenar por Relevancia Fecha. Headline inflation rates have become more synchronised globally, largely because commodity prices are increasingly determined by global factors. Understanding collaborative consumption: Test of a theoretical model. On the other hand, the notion of prosumer jumped into the cultural field thanks to the contributions, among others, of Henry Jenkinswho applies this concept to the field of transmedia narratives. Andreas Joseph Chiara Osbat. Continue reading from the same book View All. The challenges and opportunities of social media. Take today. Burn, Econommics. Shaw, A.

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Ordenar por Relevancia Fecha. This concurs with the position of the EESC, expressed in in its opinion how to do correlation in tableau Towards more sustainable consumption: industrial product lifetimes and restoring trust through consumer information ". The first thing to note is that, unlike use—and as some studies have already highlighted [ 274041 ]—provision has a clearly ideological motivational component Hypothesis 1. Product type : Library Bound Book. Abstract We propose a model for analyzing euro area trade based on the interaction between macroeconomic and trade variables. For most people, Uber and Airbnb are possibly the most recognizable examples but, simply by taking a look at the variety of digital exchange platforms and networks currently available, it is possible to see that economic transactions are profoundly changing.

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