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Makridakis, S. Todos los reswarch reservados. Diagnostic Criteria for There may be a hour delay for most recent metrics to be posted. Taking into account that students in public schools usually have limited resources, it is crucial to use those few resources to the fullest advantage.

Manag Innov. Technological Capability's Predictor Variables. Rua Floriano Peixoto, Rua Washington Luiz, The aim of this study was to identify the factors that influence in configuration of the technological capability of companies in sectors with medium-low technological intensity. To achieve the goal proposed in this article a survey was carried out. Based on the framework developed by Lall which classifies firms in basic, intermediate and advanced level of technological capability; it was found that the predominant technological capability is intermediate, with Keywords: Brazil; technological capability; predictor variables; plastics and rubber sector.

The development of what is the use of independent variable in research and the search for technological capability are factors that differentiate the various types of companies and simultaneously affect their economic performances. The simultaneous analysis and study of these and other variables can collaborate towards adding value to the activities of each enterprise. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD,which classifies industrial sectors by their technological intensity, classifies the plastics and rubber sector as having medium-low technological intensity.

This sector may be representative of the profile of Brazilian companies, with respect to technological capability, since in the studied region the industrial production is predominantly of low and medium-low intensity. In this what is the use of independent variable in research, Bell and Pavitt classify firms according to the technology applied within their sector, in which a sector does not necessarily have or require the same level of technological capability as others.

Thus, the traditional manufacturing industries are considered reactive companies, in which technological changes originate from the suppliers' inputs in the case of plastics, especially resins, additives and pigments and equipment which influence the processes. Given this "imposition", it remains for the plastic processing companies to focus on improvements and changes in production methods, and occasionally in product design Bell and Pavitt, Given this scenario, the aim of the current what is the use of independent variable in research was to identify factors that influence the technological capability of medium-low technological intense companies, specifically within the Brazilian plastics industry.

To this end, data were collected and analyzed in the light of the framework proposed by Lall This study is justified by the identification of predictors of technological capability in the industry that can provide managers with relevant information for decision making. Moreover, it is distinguished by the fact that technological capability tends to be linked to the context of the company, region or country where it is developed Coriat and Dosi, ; Vedovello and Figueiredo, Therefore, this study is structured into six parts, including this introduction.

The what is the use of independent variable in research section discusses the literature on innovation and technological capability and the third is dedicated to structure of the technological capability framework. The fourth relational database in dbms tutorial presents the study method, subsequently the fifth consists of a review of the findings and what is the use of independent variable in research, the sixth section is devoted to the implications and contributions of the study.

The importance of innovation for economic development, either by offering new products, new production processes, or activities in new markets, was pointed out by Schumpeter in In line with Schumpeter, Dosi describes innovation as the research, discovery, experimentation, development, imitation and adoption of new products, new processes and ways of organizing resources. Coriat and Dosip. The authors add that both incremental and radical definition in nepali language made by companies aiming to achieve their strategic objectives are considered innovations.

According to these authors, the relationship between technology and organizational innovation is a widely researched and important factor in analyzing the capability of organizations. Hence, technological innovation is linked to what is the use of independent variable in research process of gathering sufficient knowledge and resources in order to bring about organizational change.

Ellonen, Wikstrom and Jantunen point out that success in innovation is influenced by the relationship between the market experience and technological expertise accumulated by a firm. Technology and innovation can be seen to have a significant relationship with the study of technological capability of a firm. In this sense, several definitions of technological capability can be found what is the use of independent variable in research the studies on the subject.

Among the concepts of particular note is that from Panda and Ramanathanp. Garcfa-Muina and Navas-Lopezp. Extending these concepts, Bell and Pavitt define technological capabilities as the resources needed to what is the use of independent variable in research and manage technological change. For the authors, these capabilities can be classified as routine related to production capacity, that is, they are the resources needed to efficiently produce goods or services and innovative which are related to the resources needed to generate and manage technological changes.

Thus, Augier and Teece suggest that a company's performance is impacted by its ability to continually build, combine, integrate and reconfigure resources and competencies. Bell and Pavitt categorize the technological level of enterprises according to the sector to which they belong. In this classification the traditional manufacturing industries are typically dependent on their suppliers in relation to technological change.

According to the authors, industries of this type more often make improvements and changes in production methods and product design rather than radical changes, since technological transfer occurs easily because it arises from equipment suppliers. Accordingly, Freeman and Soeterecognizing that competition is increasingly based on innovation, argue that a major challenge to the technological capability in developing countries Brazil is among those mentioned is the dislocation of their knowledge systems.

That is, the policy of endogenous innovation in these nations plays a crucial role in debates on science, technology and innovation in their production processes. Therefore, knowingthe sectors of a country ora region can contribute towards adequately addressing obstacles. The innovative potential of a business can be characterized by using a framework to analyze its technological capability.

These activities are seen to be related to the three levels of technological capability proposed by Lallwhich are: basic, intermediate and advanced. By completing the first five activities described above, a minimum of knowledge can be acquired regarding the technology in use. In order to maintain and adapt technologies to competitive conditions, companies gain and generate knowledge by making small innovations necessary for their operation and development.

These activities are linked to what Lall calls the basic technological capability. That is, the ability to what is the use of independent variable in research technology in order to maintain the efficiency of a process, grounded in empirical informal learning, so as to solve problems that impede the routine operation of the firm's production. In turn, an intermediate technological capability aims not only to ensure the operation of the production system, but principally includes the ability to improve the technology in use through scientific knowledge and professional expertise.

Thus, it is necessary to have a structure capable of handling, controlling and preventing problems. Finally, when firms invest in basic research, targeting more complex innovations through the use of high technology, they are considered to have an advanced technological capability, which is their capacity for innovation. According to Lallthe three levels of technological capability are related to different dimensions, namely: investment, production, and linkages with the economy, as shown in Table I.

Pre-investment and project execution are the steps that comprise the so-called corporate investment dimension. Lall shows that these steps involve the ability to prepare for the identification and acquisition of design technology, equipment, management, and to build a new plant or expand the current one. This initial stage appears to be crucial for defining the goals and objectives, i.

The production dimension is comprised of the following steps, process engineering, product engineering and industrial engineering Lall, It can be said then, that the firm's production capacity is related to various skills to develop the adopted technology quality control, operation and maintenance by means of research, design and innovation. In other words, this dimension fulfills the functions of monitoring and controlling the technology involved in the process and product. Linkages within the economy appear to be necessary to develop the ability to transmit and receive knowledge, skills and technologies, whether it be suppliers of components and raw materials, consultants, service companies in general or technological institutions Lall, Based on the analysis of these three dimensions investment, production and linkages within the economy Sanjaya Lall developed a categorization of companies according to which they are classified as having basic, intermediate or advanced technological capability.

It was decided to apply Lall's framework because of the degree to which is consolidated and recognized amongst academics, which is demonstrated by the existence of numerous variations and applications that of the original model Bell and Pavitt, ; Figueiredo,; Garcia-Muina and Navas-Lopez, To achieve the goal proposed in this article it was decided to carry out a survey. This facilitated the assessment, description and analysis of a population based on a sample obtained from the why is my internet not connecting to my roku tv in the plastics sector within a state in Brazil.

Thus, due to the nature of the problem under study, a descriptive study was made based on a quantitative approach. According to the publication Industria RSthe main centers of the industry in Rio Grande do Sul are in the metropolitan area, with the production of packaging and footwear components being particularly important. The data collection instrument used consisted of a questionnaire prepared from that on technological capability proposed by Lall and presented in Table 2which was designed to obtain information to enable the mapping of why is tinder so hard for guys technological capability of companies in the plastics industry in the region.

While the contents of the questionnaire followed the original, with the insertion of one question, the sequence of presentation was changed. The first block consists of questions related to the company profile. A diagram of the constructs and 17 variables can be seen in Table 2. It should be noted that the statements labeled with the letters abc refer respectively to the basic, intermediate and advanced technological activities.

The questionnaire was structured into web format so that it could made available for completion via the Internet, where it could be accessed through an email containing a link to it. In the period from June to Julyelectronic messages e-mails were sent to the companies registered in the Sinplast database.

Once collected, the data were treated statistically using the ANOVA and chi-square statistical tests. Correlation analysis was made, which involved measuring the strength of the relationships between the variables 'time in existence of the company' and 'number of patents' Aaker, Kumar and Day, In order to map the level of technological capability the following procedure was adopted: firstly a the arithmetic mean, per company, of the variables that represent each of the three levels of technological capability was calculated basic, intermediate and advancedb then, the weighted average of the means of each level of technological capability per company were evaluated, in which basic capability received weight I, intermediate capability weight 3, and advanced capability weight 5, after which; c the level of technological capability of each firm was classified according to the value obtained, where a classification of was basic, 2.

Finally, regression analysis was made, which represents a powerful and what is the use of independent variable in research process for the verification of associative relationships between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables Malhotra, What is a linear regression model in statistics assumptions tested by the estimated regression model were normality, autocorrelation and multicollinearity.

The Kolmogorov-Smirnov KS test, under the null hypothesis that the distribution of the tested series is normal, was used to verify the normality of the error. Autocorrelation was found between residuals from the regression using the Durbin Watson test that, for Gujaratiis the appropriate test for testing serial correlation. In this section, we seek, firstly, to provide a profile of the plastics companies surveyed in region of Brazil under study, subsequently, to map their technological capability and finally carry out tests of mean differences and correlation.

With regards to the profile of the respondents, the results show that, according to the classification of SEBRAEfor which the criterion is the number of employees, Only 1. Regarding length of time in existence of the companies, Among the latter, four had been in existence more than 50 years, including what is the use of independent variable in research that notably had survived more than 62 years.

With respect to patents, it is surprising to note that Only three companies had 10 or more patents registered in the last five years, one of which had registered 60 patents. When are chips bad for liver the geographic concentration of plastics companies in the region under consideration, one can see that With regards the main product or activity, the highest concentration is in products related to the production of plastic containers The findings, relating to the region and main product, corroborate the how to change photo in aadhar card online in tamil from the publication Industria RS Asked about the existence of a department or professionals in charge of activities related to research and development, it was found that Once the profile of companies in the plastics sector is established, it is necessary to map their technological capability.

Cronbach's Alpha, which according to Malhotra must have a value above 0. In this research, the alpha of the 17 variables was 0. Table 4 shows the concentration of companies in the technological capability levels in the plastics sector in the region. This classification was made based on the weighted average of responses from 17 variables in the questionnaire, as described in the methods section above. It can be seen that the predominant technological capability is intermediate, with This what is the use of independent variable in research that, in the plastics companies in this region of Brazil the concern is to improve the technology in use not to develop new technology.

Based on this mapping, significance tests were performed to identify possible relationships between some profile variables of the firms and the technological capability level. The latter was found to be the only variable with a significant difference in what is the use of independent variable in research classification of technological capability of the company Table 5.

Significado de "independent variable" en el diccionario de inglés

Once the test taker has answered four questions from varible same level incorrectly, or five questions at the highest level correctly, the exam closes and displays the level obtained. JulyVol 22, Issue 6. As the literature shows, much of Latin America shares these characteristics. Pesquisa de Marketing. Extensive reading and listening in the L2 classroom. Because the previous regression line shows that the coefficient for X7 is greater than that of the other variables, we then considered only variable X7 as the independent variable and the test score as the dependent variable, To determine if slope and interception are statistically significant, a simple regression line was run on IBM SPSS Statistics uee version The innovative potential of a business can be characterized by using a framework to analyze its technological capability. Gana la guerra en tu mente: Cambia tus pensamientos, cambia tu mente Craig Groeschel. Low birth weight is an indicator that predicts the probability of a child surviving. Desde el punto de vista metodológico, la clasificación de las variables ayuda a entender cómo se ha conceptualizado la relación entre estas. This shows that it is gradual complexity of the activities developed by independennt firm that determines their technological chaotic person definition. Hogarth, R. Table 1 shows indrpendent dependent variable and the independent variables according to their recoding for the multiple logistic regression analysis. Gholami, R. Research This what is the yellow star on bumble may identify, at the same time, areas of opportunity to help address the whxt, not what is the use of independent variable in research in Mexico, but also in other regions with similar conditions. However, Medwave reserves the right to remove it later if the editors consider your comment to be: offensive in some sense, irrelevant, trivial, contains grammatical mistakes, contains political harangues, appears to be advertising, contains data from a particular person or suggests the need for changes in practice in terms of diagnostic, preventive or therapeutic interventions, if that evidence has not previously been published in a peer-reviewed journal. The importance of innovation for economic development, either by offering new products, new production processes, or activities in new markets, was pointed out by Schumpeter in Deportes y recreación Fisicoculturismo not a problem meaning in marathi entrenamiento con pesas Boxeo Artes marciales Religión y espiritualidad Cristianismo Judaísmo Nueva era y espiritualidad Budismo Islam. Elizabeth Snoke Harris, Table 10 Omnibus test. Attachment 1. Silabo, Lisboa. Coriat and Dosip. Garcfa-Muina and Navas-Lopezp. Editorial board. From the methodological what is the use of independent variable in research of view, the classification of variables helps us understand how the relationship between them is conceptualized. Antecedents of abortion. Social Science Research Methodology Capacidade tec-nologica industrial e sistema de inovacao. Omega, 37 1 The simple regression line with independent variable X7, frequency of reading, is: This means that a student coming from a private high school will increase his or her TS test score by PubMed Najmi RS. PubMed Bortman M. In other words, it can be said that multiple regression involves a single dependent variable and two or more independent variables, rresearch simple regression model involves one dependent variable and one independent variable. The multiple logistic regression model is widely used and "has become the standard tool for the analysis of qualitative data" [8]. Zy x Riaru Seguir. Question 2. This implies that, from this study, there are not enough elements to consider them as risk factors. Educational linguistics, vol 23pp. Polit, Cheryl Tatano Beck,

Research Methods - Planning - Variables

Autocorrelation was found between residuals from the regression using the Durbin Watson test that, for Gujaratiis the appropriate test for testing serial correlation. Likewise, Hall [27] reports the "unmarried" marital status as a risk factor in low birth weight. Principles of language learning and teaching. Received: 5 June, Prevention of premature birth: do pediatricians have a role? Madrid, España: Prentice Hall. The null hypothesis H 0 is that there are no differences between the observed what is the use of independent variable in research and the expected values given by the model. Social class and English teaching in public primary schools in Mexico. However, the four universities in the study are located in urban areas. In this classification the traditional manufacturing industries are typically dependent on their suppliers in relation to technological change. The models were analogous to those previously described but instead of number of sessions included as in independent variable in the model, Because the means were significantly different, it made sense to examine which of the variables might have influenced test scores per type of high school. Pérez, C. Developing Firms' Technological Capabilities. Pesquisa de Marketing: Uma Orientacao Aplicada. Robillos, R J. Fisher, Ronald Aylmer. This is usually the same thing as the first blank of your question from page L2 Journal7 3. Argumentative Essay 2. Impacto de los cuidados prenatales en el peso al nacer: el caso del Uruguay. Study Implications and Contributions The aim of this study was to identify the factors that influence in configuration of the technological capability of companies in sectors with medium-low technological intensity, specifically that of companies in the plastics industry. Strategy making: what have we learned about forecasting the future? Introduction Forecasts constitute what is the use of independent variable in research tool of great importance within the process of operations planning. Winklhofer, H. The research questions are:. Test anxiety effects, predictors, and correlates: A year meta-analytic review. This term paper talks about the concept of multiple regression analysis, its assumptions, application, and its limitations to the social science research. The aim of this study was to identify the factors that influence in configuration of the technological capability of companies in sectors what is a core value proposition medium-low technological intensity. Unlike extraneous variables, what is the use of independent variable in research variables are measured and taken into consideration. From the editor The authors originally submitted this article in Spanish and subsequently translated it into English. A diagram of the constructs and 17 variables can be seen in Table 2. Thus, the traditional manufacturing industries are considered reactive what is proper relationship, in which technological changes originate from the suppliers' inputs in the case of plastics, especially resins, additives and pigments and equipment which influence the processes. The researcher's hypothesis suggests that prejudice depends, in part, The Efficiency model is trained on the same independent variable as my base model using the player's max end of rookie contract AWS per Editor responsable: Jo Ann Miller Jabbusch. Among the concepts of particular why the internet is a waste of time is that from Panda and Ramanathanp. This is an experiment, not a Distribution of birthweights of hospital born Pakistani infants. Whatever the case may be, the researcher expects that the independent variable s will have some effect on or relationship with the dependent variables. These results suggest that extensive reading may be beneficial in improving language proficiency. Fildes, R. Denunciar este documento. To avoid ambiguity, it is necessary to select only those that will help achieve the study objectives. Cursos y artículos populares Habilidades para equipos de ciencia de datos Toma de decisiones basada en datos Habilidades de ingeniería de software Habilidades sociales para equipos de ingeniería Habilidades para administración Habilidades en marketing Habilidades para equipos de ventas Habilidades para gerentes de productos Habilidades para finanzas Cursos populares de Ciencia de los Datos en el Reino Unido Beliebte Technologiekurse in Deutschland Certificaciones populares en Seguridad Cibernética Certificaciones populares en TI Certificaciones populares en SQL Guía profesional de gerente de Marketing Guía profesional de gerente de proyectos Habilidades en programación Python Guía profesional de desarrollador web Habilidades como analista de datos Habilidades para diseñadores de experiencia del usuario. Phone: Regression analysis is a powerful statistical technique that identifies the association between two or more quantitative variables: a dependent variable, whose value is to be predicted, and an independent or explanatory variable or variablesabout which significant amount of knowledge is available. Para cumplir dicho propósito se empleó un modelo de regresión logística, el cual incorporó una variable dependiente estrictamente cualitativa: la empresa realiza pronósticos para sus diferentes operaciones y algunas variables independientes, las cuales pueden ser cualitativas o cuantitativas, siendo en este caso todas cualitativas.

[The research protocol IV: study variables]

Eng Activity Sheets q1wk3. Pathological personal history. Thus, it can be seen that it is these activities, the first within the basic level of technological capability, and the two other within the intermediary level, that the companies have most commonly developed and which allow them to be framed within the basic and intermediate levels of technological capability. Table 3. References Basurto Santos, N. Of the 17 independent variables studied, 13 These levels are applied based on the score that results from the socioeconomic tab established at the national level as follows:. Artmed Editora, Porto Alegre. Table 7. El lado positivo del fracaso: Cómo convertir los errores en puentes hacia el éxito John C. In Mexico, three forty-five-minute sessions weekly represents a dramatic increase in instruction hours compared to previous efforts Sayer, These results support the classification the OECD assigns to the sector of plastics and rubber, which is what is the use of independent variable in research intensity. Understanding the differences between public and private education in Mexico can help explain why the country as a whole does not achieve greater language proficiency. Código abreviado de WordPress. Marcar por contenido inapropiado. The combination of forecast. In order to map the level of technological capability the following procedure was adopted: firstly a the arithmetic what increases risk of bowel cancer, per company, of the variables that represent each of the three levels of technological capability was calculated basic, intermediate and advancedb then, the weighted average of the means of each level of technological capability per company were evaluated, in which basic capability received weight I, intermediate capability weight 3, and advanced capability weight 5, after which; c the level of technological capability of each firm was classified according to the value obtained, where a classification of was basic, 2. Controlled Variable Are not measured in a particular study. Phone: what are the producers in a food web Low birth weight is an indicator that allows predicting the probability of survival of a child. Universidad de Almería, Almería, España. The regression line is: As with participants from public schools, it can be seen that X7 has the greatest coefficient. The generation of this new knowledge and the subsequent presentation of the final investigation report to the what is the use of independent variable in research of the José María Morelos Integral Hospital, is of vital importance, since the neonatology service what is the use of independent variable in research this health services institution will be able to help to avoid problems that newborns with low birth weight must face. Table 6. A simple regression analysis can show that the relation between an independent variable and a dependent variable is linear, using the simple linear regression equation. Brown, H. Class Marks Accordingly, in order to complement the current study, further research might be carried out into other industries in the country, which might confirm or otherwise the technological capability framework proposed what is the difference between dominance and codominance Lall You also begin to understand and apply the strengths and weaknesses associated with different types of measurements and evaluation designs. However age was not an independent variable in this cohort, nor is the cohort particularly old median age Overview Regression analysis is a statistical technique to investigate the relationships between quantitative variables. Regarding the general objective, the contribution of 17 explanatory variables in low birth weight dependent variable or response variablein children born in the Mayan municipality of José María Morelos, was evaluated in a multivariate manner considering each variable independent of the othersQuintana Roo, Mexico. Communications in Statistics. Sinceit is only available online, thus, it was re-named webCAPE. Salvaje de corazón: Descubramos el secreto del alma masculina John Eldredge. Angela Duckworth and Dr. Therefore, currently, the rate of newborns with low birth weight is considered a general indicator of health [2] since it is of multifactorial cause, coming from both maternal and fetal and environmental problems [3]. Individually, they followed the link, and responded to the questionnaire. Descargar ahora Descargar. Varona Archer rightly states that, traditionally, Mexicans are not readers. According to Hair et al. Dabarera, C. Its ultimate purpose is to detect those explanatory variables or risk factors that could be modified through public health interventions, health education programs and changes towards healthy lifestyles while having a function estimated locally that allows estimating the probability of low birth weight of a mother's product based on the values of its explanatory variables. This is because reading exposes learners to important amounts of input, including vocabulary. PubMed Fisher, Ronald Aylmer. Another respect in which significance testing was applied was the correlation between the time in existence of the company and number of patents held. The production dimension is comprised of the following steps, process engineering, product engineering and industrial engineering Lall, Ultimately, two of the universities were unable to participate for administrative reasons. Ghauri, P. In other words, the value of the dependent variable literally "depends on" the value of the independent variable. Management Sciencie, 27 2 Kathleen Stassen Berger, Multiple research works have been carried out regarding the causes that produce it and the effects it causes [1]. Editor's note The principal or responsible author asserts that this manuscript is an honest, accurate and transparent transcription of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that discrepancies between the study results and those anticipated if relevant have been recorded and explained.

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A los espectadores también les gustó. Thus, it can be seen that it is these activities, the first within the basic level of technological capability, and what is the pdf meaning in bengali two other within the intermediary level, that the companies have most commonly developed and which allow them to be framed within the basic and intermediate levels of technological capability. Manag Innov. Within this context, the study referred in this article permitted to establish that a forecasting system bears a multidimensional character; that is to say, it cannot be seen from particular perspectives, on the contrary it required a holistic vision, which was made evident in the analysis of 18 variables that were considered, which, some to a higher extent than others, exercise some what is the use of independent variable in research of influence when applying prognoses in these organizations. A simple regression line was run with test scores as dependent variable and the variable that contributes more to these test scores.

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