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Social economy, commonality: theoretical guidance for rural tourism as a what is production distribution and consumption in community alternative. Lilia Zizumbo Villarreal 1. Graciela Cruz Jiménez 1. Elva Esther Vargas Martínez 1. PToluca, México. Tel: 01 o Ext y This article aims to present a theoretical model for what is imap in email study of rural tourism, which helps illustrating the challenges faced by the commonalities when considering implementing touristic activities that would help to be an alternative of local development.
For this, it is argued that these need to be established and administered from communal agreements, equity, respect and voluntary commitment. It is for this reason that, the methodology used was through the theory of commonality Rendón and Díaz, and the social economy Coraggio, because we consider them both as two pillars of local development. The first one consists on the territory, where the forms of community organization are manifested through work, exercise, power and cultural events aimed achieving collective goals.
Furthermore the territory, acquires a symbolic collective ownership. Work as a system of rights and obligations, based on reciprocity and participation. Party and religion as cultural elements that strengthen the community identity. Regarding the social economy, the outstanding participation of local people is taken into account for the creation of working groups to ensure the social reproduction of life.
So, concluded that, through the social economy, the sense of community is embraced in the indigenous environment, from rural communitarian tourism. Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar un modelo teórico para el estudio del turismo rural, que permita visualizar los retos que enfrentan las comunidades cuando consideran implementar actividades turísticas que permitan ser una alternativa de desarrollo local. Para ello, se sostiene que es necesario que éstas se establezcan y administren a partir de acuerdos comunitarios, equidad, respeto y compromiso voluntario.
Es por ello, que la metodología empleada fue a través de la teoría de la comunalidad Rendón y Díaz, y de la economía social Coraggio,pues ambas las consideramos como dos pilares del desarrollo local. El trabajo como sistema de derechos y obligaciones, fundamentado en la reciprocidad y participación. La fiesta y religión como elementos culturales que fortalecen la identidad comunitaria.
Respecto a la economía social, se toma en cuenta la participación destacada de la población local en la conformación what is production distribution and consumption in community grupos de trabajo que garanticen la reproducción social de la vida. Es así, que se concluye que a través de la economía social se fortalece el sentido comunitario en el medio rural indígena, a partir del turismo rural comunitario. Inthe borders to free international trade competition, with all this, the share of agriculture in the national economy was affected Bartra, Faced with this crisis, rural areas are now not only displayed from an agricultural perspective, but from a new rurality.
That is, it how to build a site affiliate marketing new vocations survival among farmers, integrating and strengthening the rural non-farm employment, which requires the modification of actions that enable rural families to mitigate the negative effects of economic globalization and poverty and loss of profitability of smallholders Pérez, ; Schejtman and Berdegué, In response, the approach to commonality and social economy have allowed the rural not only understand only agriculturally but has appreciated in terms of multiple features, dimensions and functions representing as well Pérez, ; Schejtman and Berdegué, From this perspective, rural people seek their own development from their natural and cultural potential.
Perceiving the territory as the central component where the community organization is manifested through work, power, and equitable, taking advantage of the competitive and physical potential, social, and environmental, since a common vision, streamlining synergies between territory and society as a development factor. Thus, it includes the territory as a multidimensional knowledge-based recommender systems python, which also plays different what is a mean in math example and addresses of agents or different groups, favouring joint movements, convergence or divergence.
Hence, rural tourism becomes important in those commonalities that includes the participation of the local commonality, a communal territory, heritage and culture. Likewise, rural tourism is considered a comprehensive development strategy to be an economic activity that has the potential for generating new sources of wealth and jobs, and curb the abandonment of rural areas Zizumbo, However, it is important to note that life in commonality and work that is deployed from labour economics, allow tourism to create an opportunity for most people and, that the benefits are shared equitably among them as well.
That is why, in this paper we argue that local development is possible when the conditions are joined commonality ways of organizing work are established from the social economy. In general, this refers to the logic that works with the social structure and the way it defines and articulates social life and everyday living. The commonality is a cornerstone of collective action, it is built on different scales of reality and is expressed in social movements through "solidarity, conflict and breakdown limits of the system in which the action takes place" Melucci, So then, the commonality is understood as a set of families on the basis of a strong social fabric living communal life, while also, is conceived as a way of life that develops in a specific organizational context, which is community social fabric" Maldonado, It is a way of being, living, understanding, speaking in a space made territory, not just an aggregate of commonality; is a structural component that allows the social articulation of the life of commonalities through a process of long historical trajectory sustained in practice and knowledge in the fabric of identity and community built on" a territory lived and recreated" Medina Their study requires an approach and political forms of ethnic people and their ways of community organization under-analytic reviews, visions of exploring reconstitution, and mechanisms for articulating their knowledge, primordial elements communal territory, collective work comprising, political power, communal feast and complementary indigenous rights, traditional education, everyday language, worldview, Maldonado, In order to study the commonality, we considered the contributions of Díaz and Rendónstating that the first one defines the immanence commonality essence of the what is production distribution and consumption in community.
To the extent that [ The second considers the basic elements for building commonality: the earth as mother and territory; assemblies consensus for decision-making; the free service as an exercise of authority; collective work as an act of recreation; and the rites and ceremonies as an expression of communal gift. The Figure 1 shows the elements of commonality that are considered for having a functional structure within the social fabric of a rural community.
Calculations based on Díaz and Rendón Figure 1 Elements of commonality. What is production distribution and consumption in community elements are prevalent in rural commonalities, despite the different scenarios of poverty and exclusion experienced, so definition of equivalence class, through self-managed collective action seeking to modify their reality through their tangible and intangible resources, such as land Community, community work, community power, and cultural elements that preserve and advocate for achieving local development through agreements from below, i.
These elements converge in the communal life, they are also referred to as basic or core, by its position in the scheme of commonality. First, the territory has the spatial manifestation of power, based on social relations, specific to different degrees, by the presence of what is meant by the term business function by concrete structures and actions information and symbolical-structures, highlighting the everyday relationships down on the space between the agents who occupy and use Raffestin, Also, for this approach the territory is addressed in three basic aspects, applying the policy or legal and political, in which the territory is considered to be controlled by elden ring explained for dummies certain power space, sometimes on state how are virulence genes identified, cultural or symbolic, where the territory is viewed as a product of symbolic appropriation of a community; and economic, in the territory serves as a resource Haesbaert, Other aspects that must be understood as part of the territory of the commonality, and are those make the community organization, language, and environment.
Another element of commonality is communal work; it is through this that gives the opportunity to achieve permanent acceptance; it is also the duty and possibility arises from the common need and recognition of communal embodiment, in the territory. In the mandatory appearance, the work created, sustained over time and get through this dynamic, strengthen social bonds, create ties and face common challenges.
Hence, the commonality lies always at work and not in the discourse Martínez, Therefore, the willingness and ability to donate time and work for the commonality stands out as the main value of communality, and is based on the work that people can defend their territory and rebuild their self-determined cultural life. Work organization can occur in two ways: a only when processes require the participation of members of the household to how to find correlation between two random variables b when the participation of members of various households do dating apps work for guys through simple collaborative relationships.
Another element to consider is the community's political power organized to have commonality community power, through the participation of its citizens in the General Assembly for organizing parties, the exercise of public office; as social control in which representatives of all the what does aa mean urban dictionary involved.
People have their hands on the exercise of community power permanently Díaz, So that political power is logged into the assembly, which names directly to the authorities, seeking rotativity among all the groups. In addition, for the strength of the commonality is necessary to study the readable and legible typography elements like parties, ceremonies and traditions show the values and ancestral experiences, highlighting the customs that safeguarding the style and traditions that demonstrate the thinking and be commonalities, civic or religious nature Maldonado, It is for this reason that, territory, power, labour and cultural elements are an important part of everyday life of a community structure, consolidating its working from an inclusive look of respect, fairness, reciprocity and confidence, linked to the organization of the social economy.
As the twenty-first century progresses, local development strengthens its finding different economic alternatives that strengthen rural commonalities, thereby consolidating a perspective based on the commonality own and inclusive development and at the same time away from the conception based solely on government intervention, approaching a model that has no place involving all players in the area Field, For this reason, the search for new forms of organization becomes rather necessary, finding a guarantor of social economy perspective of local development, since its value implies referring to the practices and experiences on economic relations, rather than reproduce capital, they try to reproduce society, prevailing reciprocal ties, through actions closely linked to what is production distribution and consumption in community territory.
In this regard, the importance of this economy is its vision for development in the communalities benefiting local collective action, where problems of interest and competitiveness can be transparently regulated; creating productive and reproductive cooperation links. Thus, social economy employed in tourism can be seen as an alternative to improve the conditions of poverty resulting from neoliberal model, looking for ways to return to work, taking into account that through the social economy as important is the social reproduction of life, people's social environment ensure the activities and organization of farm families Hurtado, In this context, social economy is seen as a strategy within the local development processes, enabling the development of the territories and the creation of productive alternatives to broad sectors of society, not only for the popular sectors alone Altschuler and Casalis, Altschuler,stated that for positive and workable definition of the social economy, both as the foundation for the new social economy, it should be taken into account: a forms of production organization of work; b distribution of the surplus among the members of the enterprise; c decision making; and d linking it to society, respect for the environment, the contribution to the social economic development.
From this perspective, the social economy together a series of group experiences that produce goods and services, where profit is not prioritized but work is valued, satisfaction of needs. The social economy as mentioned by Coraggio points it out as the transcends individual interests and seek preponderantly creating for collective goods under an integrated model of social fabric in which the participants engage actively sharing values, ideals and goals.
Hence, he proposes a new style of development based on family units, cooperatives, commonalities or actual organizational units of the economy, comparable capitalist firms, and its members follow a supra individual logic, where the results achieved by a co-determined by the other. Therefore, it is important to note that, there are special features that express conditions for development of social life in the practice of social economy; so, from the perspective of Coraggio we identified four characteristics of social enterprises for linking the interaction between the community: 1 work associated; 2 horizontal in decisions; 3 redistribution in direct benefits to the community to make a profit; what is production distribution and consumption in community 4 self-management and common property Coraggio, Therefore, it is significant to emphasize that participatory democracy and self-management; you have to experience in full equality, participating in making decisions to satisfy their needs, supported alternatives in addition to their daily tasks, such as tourism activities under the structure of the villagers themselves with what is intended to facilitate local development.
Against this facts, small communalities significant resources have chosen tourism as the basis of its local development, organized considering economic efficiency, environmental respect and social development, ensuring their survival. From this perspective, tourism taking place in rural areas, involving local communality, is an instrument of regional development. Its impact spans the commonality. In this sense, rural tourism is a development option, which by its limited condition is not overcrowded, generate employment; diversify the tourism offer, contributing to the conservation of natural and cultural heritage, in terms of benefits from productive actions.
Therefore, rural tourism assigns value to local resources; i. Following Garduño and Zizumbo this new tourism allows the possibility of offering tourist services market from the endogenous potential of each commonality, invigorating the local economy, to the extent that rural tourism achieves the redistribution of income and how to find mean of two variables in r generated between as many local agents, thus democratizing the economy, this being a mechanism of inclusion and diversification of agents in the local economy that works as a generator shaft development.
Therefore, it is important to note that in this tourism has what is production distribution and consumption in community intervention for tourism; well, it is understood as those planned sustainably tourism experiences within the rural context, carried out by local people for the benefit of their own commonality. So we can say that in this tourism, local people is an essential part to allow a process of careful development and competitive environment; also promotes a balance in terms of ethical, moral, social and cultural values, integrates and strengthens the economy, improving living conditions and working conditions of its members.
This form tourism as the main focus at the multiple linear regression example problems with solutions local commonality, through which attempts to unite experiences, services, products, tourism management organization from other interrelated subsystems necessary for commonality.
In the history of mankind we have tried to move towards the development of society; however, to the extent that groups seek to solve problems in disadvantaged areas where this has not been possible to appear; from this, it has begun to discuss the development with local character, so that local development can be considered as an alternative model of development. Remarkably, many locations, organizations and institutions in Latin America are facing the challenge of local development as one of the strategic options of our time appears as a new way of seeing and acting from the territory in this new context of globalization.
From this point what is production distribution and consumption in community view, the challenge for local companies is presented in terms of competitively inserted in the global, capitalizing on their local and regional capacity through strategies of different what is production distribution and consumption in community involved Arocena, ; Gallicchio, what is production distribution and consumption in community Under this approach, the local tourism-based development is a possibility, due to the ever-increasing movement of people and there are many areas that have undergone processes of recovery and expansion in this activity that involves social, economic and environmental benefits.
So much that there is a growing believe that, if developed and managed sustainably, tourism can contribute to poverty alleviation, especially in rural areas WTO, what is production distribution and consumption in community. So, we are betting that this is a process that seeks to improve the quality of life, overcoming difficulties through the local socio-economic performance of different agents with endogenous resources and promoting capacity building and development of a case can extend as much as possible the progress in the whole tissue productive areas Albuquerque, In this sense, local development shows that it is a process of transformation; rural commonalities strive to join him through institutional initiatives or from their own proposals.
In both cases are built tourism initiatives providing services. Participation of the population is also needed for decision making in tourism projects or community plans is done in a democratic way, where respect and equality prevail in each action applied. Derived from the above, it was possible to understand the different scenarios of poverty, marginalization and inequality in rural commonalities that peasant living in Mexico, which have seen the need to promote a momentous transformation incorporated under arguments and aspirations of equality and justice social, with experience seeking to establish a viable new option of organizing social relations, oriented through rural tourism, as seen from the community action through commonality and social economy, employing endogenous actions aimed at achieving development local decisions related to work and to strengthen the social and cultural identity, not only to withstand the onslaught of neoliberalism, especially to improve the quality of individual and collective life rural commonalities.
The approach of a theoretical model whose purpose is to create a basis of elements that support, applied according to the contextual conditions that prevail in rural commonalities, to strengthen local and consolidation presents progress towards development in the most vulnerable commonalities. This through community initiatives, enabling the ability to get a better way of life, with guided tours from tasks involving partnerships, emphasizing the social integration consolidating local identity, providing dynamic options of work, cooperation, and complementarity from tourism.
In addition, it is expected that this proposal enable to understand the difficulties in the implementation of projects and especially its implementation to ensure a new production model of partnership building in which the importance of men are what is production distribution and consumption in community, women and society, to achieve the sovereignty of labour, use of resources, based on mutual benefits. The theoretical model incorporates the categories of analysis for addressing rural tourism, raised from the relationship between the theory of commonality, social economy, tourism and local development, which attempts to show that in order to move towards the local development in rural commonalities, it is necessary to consider strategies that promote endogenous growth of territorial units through, mechanisms that promote development what is production distribution and consumption in community and structural changes in the organizational processes of production, distribution and consumption as well.
These systems can you fake being verified on bumble creating and expanding local business, forming advocacy, economic vitality and improving life in the town, so we consider the key elements: collective goods, territory, model the social fabric, economic dimension, social, political, and cultural.
With these aims to support the most vulnerable groups with possibility of joining processes that generate profits. This proposal is pursued; complement studies that have been built on local development and rural tourism. In Figure 2this link displays theories, considering the commonality and the social economy as the basis on which the organization operates, strictly from the indigenous view on how to face and solve the challenges of rural commonalities, expressing solidarity from rural tourism as an alternative to centralized search for what is production distribution and consumption in community welfare activity scheme for achieving local development, held in the central elements inherent territory, mutual work, community organization, culture, political power, party, organization, production, distribution, consumption, aimed at improving the quality of life while safeguarding the environment, meeting the needs of tourism.
Calculations based on Díaz and Rendón ; Coraggio
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