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Revised document received: 29 September Objective: This study sought to correlate the anthropometric and functional variables, and exercise habits in a group of elderly adults who regularly what are positive correlations exercise programs. Method: Participation of subjects between 60 and 85 years of age, from 13 regions of Colombia. Anthropometric and functional assessment was conducted as a questionnaire on exercise habits.
Results: Negative correlations were shown between exercise habits and body fat and positive correlations between hand strength and VO2 max. Conclusions: The functional capacity is influenced by increased age and body fat. With higher frequencies of physical exercise, VO2 max. Keywords: Exercise, elderly, correlation, anthropometry, functionality.
Método: Participación de sujetos entre what are positive correlations y 85 años de edad, procedentes de 13 regiones de Colombia. Conclusiones: La capacidad funcional se ve influenciada por el incremento de la edad y grasa corporal. Palabras clave: Ejercicio físico, ancianos, correlación, antropometría, f uncionalidad. Aging implies structural and functional changes in humans; these appear in physical and mental aspects, generating deterioration that is reflected in lower capacity to perform basic activities of daily life BADL like eating and showering; in advanced activities of daily life AADL like walking and climbing stairs; inabilities that generate functional limitation, being a factor that causes detriment in the quality of life in the enderly 1.
Added to these inevitable modifications is a phenomenon regularly present in the elderly like overweight conditions, which if not controlled, worsens problems of functionality and independence that impact upon their morbidity and mortality. But it is what are positive correlations true that physical exercise programs developed with scientific rigor, bearing in mind anatomical and functional changes present in the elderly population, impact upon their health and functionality by generating increased muscle mass, strength, bone density, flexibility, Vo2 max.
The variables determining physical condition are related to movement, that is, a person in good physical shape can perform activities with ease and autonomy; hence, aerobic capacity, body composition, strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, and balance, are essential an individual's health 3. This study sought to identify existing correlations among anthropometric and functional variables and physical exercise habits in a group of elderly adults who regularly attend physical exercise programs.
Body density was calculated via the Jackson and Pollock equation 5 and the percentage of fat via the Siri equation 6. The functional variables were evaluated with ECFA-INEFG tests by Camiña 7evaluating abdominal muscle strength with a test of 75 torso flexions during a three-minute period; manual pressure strength through manual dynamometry with a Takei dynamometer Smedly III model; range of articular motion through anterior flexion of the torso with knees extended in sitting position Wells and Dillon test ; postural balance with a monopodal balance test with vision for one minute; Vo2 max from the Rockport test by walking a Fenstermarker mile 8.
In exercise habits, a self-administered questionnaire was used and with support by the study conducted by Osorio et al. The inclusion criteria were: being older than 60 years of age and having been engaged in a physical exercise program during at least the last year. Authorization was obtained from the bioethics committee from the Faculty of Health Sciences at Universidad de Caldas, complying with regulations in Resolution ofissued by the Colombian Ministry of What are positive correlations permission from delegates and informed signed consent from the participants were also obtained.
Correlation was established what are positive correlations the following criteria: what is the difference between variables parameters and results. Also, a multivariate regression model was made for the Vo2max. Data were analyzed via the SPSS program v. In the distribution by age groups, there are fewer participants as age increases, as noted in Table 1.
In the correlation of variables from Table 2the highest value was presented between BMI and hip circumference. Percentage of fat showed positive correlation with hip and waist circumference. Vo2 max. Torso flexibility was negatively what are positive correlations to the waist circumference and age of the individuals. Manual pressure strength was positively correlated to the number of what are positive correlations engaged in sports activities, weekly frequency, what are positive correlations number of hours of physical exercise; likewise, pressure strength was negatively associated to static balance and age.
Static balance was positively associated to Vo2 max. This last anthropometric component was negatively associated to the number of hours and weekly sessions of physical exercise. As noted in Table 3a multivariate regression model was estimated for Vo2 max. All the coefficients of the model Bi are significantly different from zero, which indicates that the predictive variables explain Vo2 max; likewise, the global predictive model is highly significant.
Additionally, the model fulfills all the assumptions of the classical model normality of residuals, homocedasticity, and lack what are positive correlations autocorrelation and absence of multicollinearity. Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of the populatios evaluated. Table 2. Hours of exercise: number of hours per week of physical exercise.
Manual strength: Kilograms strength. Percentage of fat was negatively correlated to Vo2 max. It must be highlighted that Adipose tissue is a determining variable in the difference between genders with respect to oxygen consumption, as noted in Table 4given that a reason why women present less oxygen consumption is precisely because of their higher percentage of body fat This last aspect was negatively associated to the number of sessions and hours per week dedicated to what are positive correlations exercise, permitting that inference that with higher weekly frequency and number of hours of physical exercise, the levels of body fat are reduced.
These previously mentioned findings are coherent with the fundamentals of exercise physiology, where it has been shown that to reduce body fat, calorie intake must be reduced and energy expenditure increased through physical exercise, which - if possible - must be of low intensity, long what are positive correlations and developed under an appropriate weekly frequency. This is also corroborated by Anton et al. The results of the current study call for reflection upon the pertinence of creating physical exercise programs with greater weekly frequency to that reported by the general average of subjects, given that this factor is related to diminished fat, which contributes to lower risks of functional limitation1 and cerebrovascular disease The BMI was what are positive correlations correlated to Vo2 what are positive correlations.
These causes support the reason why children have higher relative oxygen consumption as compared to adults. Hip circumference showed good correlation with BMI, percentage of fat, and waist circumference, variables related to body composition and which permit predicting changes in fat at general levels These results reveal that hip circumference is determining in predicting functionality in this age group, especially when the results of this variable showed negative correlation difference between cause and effect in hindi Vo2 max.
This indicates that subjects with good levels of strength have greater ease to carry out activities that imply vigor and energy expenditure, which for this specific case will have enabled their covering a longer distance in the Rockport test; hence, having a favorable Vo2. These results coincide with the study by Osorio et al. Regarding the positive correlation among manual pressure strength and what are positive correlations variables of number of years practicing sports activities, amount of what are positive correlations and hours per week of physical exercise, diverse authors support the direct relationship among these aspects; initially, Frontera et al.
Likewise, Ramírez. Age was negatively associated to manual strength, Vo2 max. These results were expected, given that although exercise contributes to slow down organic involution, it is inevitable that with increased age, deterioration occurs in the structural and functional levels, even in individuals who engage in physical exercise. Balance influences one of the main dysfunctionality phenomena in elderly adults like falls, which are related 1st 2nd 3rd base in dating morbidity and mortality in the elderly It is worth noting that balance was negatively correlated to the percentage of fat and hip circumference, which are related to levels of overweight and obesity in an older population according to Moreno and Ramos 22being counterproductive to preserving balance It is important to highlight that the static balance has a positive association with Vo2 max.
This variable was also positively associated to Vo2 max. It can be seen in the regression model for Vo2 max, in Table 3that with greater age and hip circumference there is lower oxygen consumption, as with greater manual pressure strength this variable increases, which is coherent with what is a composite number math shown in the correlation of variables, inasmuch as hip circumference and age present negative correlation with Vo2 max.
Also, the percentage of fat is inversely proportional to oxygen consumption according to Ogawa et al. Table 3 Multivariate regression model for Vo2 max. SE: standard error, P value: statistical significance. B: coefficients of the model. T statistic: values that limit to 0. Table 4 Summary of the mean and standard deviation of the variables evaluated. A favorable relationship was observed of physical exercise with increased strength and diminished body fat.
Although it is true that a negative association was found between age and functional capacity, strength was favorably aa big book meaning to engaging in physical exercise, which at the same time was associated negatively to body fat, favoring Vo2 max. Strength, aerobic resistance, balance, and flexibility are variables that should be transversally developed and with an appropriate weekly frequency in physical exercise programs to favor the functional capacity of the elderly.
Indicadores antropométricos, composición corporal y limitaciones funcionales en ancianos. Eficacia de un programa de actividad física municipal en un grupo de adultos mayores físicamente activosDeporte y actividad física para todos. Desarrollo de una batería de test para la valoración de la capacidad funcional en las personas mayores Vacafun-ancianosy su relación what are positive correlations los estilos de vida, el bienestar subjetivo y la saludUniversidad de León.
La prescripción del ejercicio físico para personas mayores. Valores normativos de la condición física. Validation of the Rockport fitness walking test in females 65 years and older. Características relacionadas con la fuerza de agarre y la resistencia aeróbica en ancianos que realizan ejercicio físico en el estadio de Manizales. Effects of aging, sex and physical training on cardiovascular responses to exercise.
Effects of a weight loss plus exercise program on physical function in overweight,older womena randomized controlled trial. The relationship between body mass and oxygen uptake during running in humans. Anthropometric assessment of y changes in body composition in the elderly. Effects of resistance training on strength, power, and selected functional abilitie of women age 75 and older. Strength conditioning in older men: skeletal muscle hypertrophy and improved function.
El entrenamiento de la fuerza en mayores de 50 años: consideraciones y perspectivas. Características antropométricas de adultos mayores participantes en what are positive correlations deportivas. Influence of obesity on accurate and rapid arm movement composition scheme under gst in hindi pdf from a standing posture. Why my pc is not connecting to bluetooth effect of exercise on gait patterns in older womena randomized controlled trial.
Age-related sarcopenia in humans is associated with reduced synthetic rate of specific muscle proteins. Hilario Moreno Bolívar Email: hilario. Hilario Moreno Bolívar a hilario. Original Article. Introduction Aging implies structural and functional changes in humans; these appear in physical and mental aspects, generating deterioration that is reflected in lower capacity to perform basic activities of daily life BADL like eating and showering; in advanced activities of daily life AADL like walking and climbing stairs; inabilities that generate functional what are positive correlations, being a factor that causes detriment in the quality of life in the enderly 1.
Instruments: for the anthropometric evaluation, the following were used: Martin type GMP anthropometer with cm capacity, 1-mm precision, Harpenden fat folds calibrator with an 8-mm capacity, 0. Procedure: data was collected during the Olympiads for the Elderly, held in Palestina, Caldas, between the 24 th and 28 th of August Data analysis: the correlation coefficient was determined through Spearman, being the most appropriate method when relating parametric and non-parametric variables, as in this case.
References Indicadores antropométricos, composición corporal y limitaciones funcionales en ancianos Eficacia de un programa de actividad física municipal en un grupo de adultos mayores físicamente activosDeporte y actividad física para todos Desarrollo de una batería de what are positive correlations para la valoración de la what are positive correlations funcional en las personas mayores Vacafun-ancianosy su relación con los estilos de vida, el bienestar subjetivo y la saludUniversidad de León International Society for de Advancement of Kinanthropometry ISAK Generalized equations for predicting body density of women Body composition from fluid space and densityAnalysis of methods La prescripción del ejercicio físico para personas mayores.
Valores normativos de la condición what are positive correlations Validation of the Rockport fitness walking test in females 65 years and older Características relacionadas con la fuerza de agarre y la resistencia aeróbica en ancianos que realizan ejercicio físico en el estadio de Manizales A serius symptom Obesity and functional disability among what are positive correlations Americans Effects of what are positive correlations, sex and physical training on cardiovascular responses to exercise Effects of a weight loss plus exercise program on physical function in overweight,older womena what are positive correlations controlled trial Cómo evaluar el estado nutricional?
What are positive correlations relationship between body mass and oxygen uptake during running in humans Anthropometric assessment of y changes in body composition in the elderly Effects of resistance training on strength, power, and selected functional abilitie of women age 75 and older Strength conditioning in older men: skeletal what are positive correlations hypertrophy and improved function El entrenamiento de la fuerza en mayores de 50 años: consideraciones y perspectivas Entrenamiento total Valoración de la salud de los ancianos Características antropométricas de adultos mayores participantes en competencias deportivas Influence of obesity on accurate and rapid arm movement performed from a standing posture The effect of exercise on gait patterns in older womena randomized controlled trial Age-related sarcopenia in humans is associated with reduced synthetic rate of specific muscle proteins Author notes Hilario Moreno Bolívar Email: hilario.
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