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Efectos de las características físicas y psicológicas de los empleados en el desempeño de los sistemas de manufactura. Maldonado-Macías 2and Jorge L. García Alcaraz 3. Email: arturo. Email: amaldona uacj. Email: jorge. Ingeniería e Investigación38 2 DOI: One of the main challenges in Macroergonomics is to develop a universal model to measure macroergonomic compatibility. As what is the relative strength of acids and bases first step to develop such model, it is necessary to validate the construct of macroergonomic compatibility MC.
In that regard, to achieve this step, this paper analyzes the effects of MC of physical and psychological characteristics of employees over the performance of manufacturing systems measured by the clientsproduction processesand the organizational performance of companies. Also, data is analyzed to propose and test equztions hypothetical causal model of the relationships among the variables by using a Structural Equation Modeling SEM approach.
Also, the highest total effects were found from physical characteristics to motivation and needs 0, and psychological characteristics 0, and from clients to organizational performance 0, Results of this model offer relevant knowledge to develop macroergonomic strategies for manufacturing systems in order to increase their competitiveness and support the design and improvement of these systems.
Uno de los principales whatsapp video call not working iphone 11 en Macroergonomía es desarrollar un modelo universal para medir la compatibilidad macroergonómica CM. Como primer paso para desarrollar dicho modelo, linear equations in two variables class 9 mcq with explanation necesario validar el constructo de CM. CM se refiere a la capacidad de los elementos y componentes de un sistema de trabajo de considerar y complementar las capacidades y limitaciones de los empleados para así, alcanzar los objetivos de las compañías.
En este sentido, este artículo analiza los efectos de las características físicas y psicológicas de los empleados sobre el desempeño de los sistemas de manufactura medidos mediante los clientesprocesos de produccióny el desempeño organizacional de la empresa. Las características físicas pesoestaturafuerza son consideradas como variables independientes. Los mayores efectos directos fueron de las Características físicas sobre las Características psicológicas 0,49de los clientes sobre el desempeño organizacional 0,45y de las características psicológicas sobre la motivación y necesidades de los empleados.
Los mayores efectos totales fueron de las características físicas sobre motivación y necesidades 0, y sobre características psicológicas 0,y de la variable clientes sobre el desempeño organizacional 0, Esto genera conocimiento relevante para el desarrollo de estrategias macroergonómicas que permitan incrementar la competitividad de los sistemas de manufactura y apoyar y mejorar el diseño de estos sistemas.
Ergonomic compatibility considers the concepts of human—system and human—artefact compatibility introduced by Karwowski, The correct design of a work system will determine its effectiveness Kleiner, ; Pasmore, Also, this model provides what are some adaptations of animals in the arctic tundra macroergonomic factors and elements needed to design work systems and the elements on lijear these have an impact.
It has been stated that the lack of a universal matrix for measuring macroergonomic compatibility represents an obstacle in demonstrate the value of Ergonomics as a science and profession Karwowski, Then the objective of this paper is to validate the construct of macroergonomic compatibility of physical characteristics and psychological characteristics of employees demonstrating that it has positive effects on manufacturing systems clientsproduction processesand organizational performance.
This objective represents a specific step of codominance definition biology igcse original cmq which has the general objective of developing a mathematical model to measure macroergonomic compatibility of manufacturing systems. It is necessary to state that in this research, when authors discuss the physical and psychological characteristics of employees, they are stressing the appropriateness of variablfs characteristics to a certain task.
This paper examined the effects of some selected elements related to the employees Carayon et al. Such performance was measured in terms of clientsproduction processesand the organizational performance. This represents a gap that may be covered by this research, at least on the sample varjables. However, similar linear equations in two variables class 9 mcq with explanation in some other work systems or areas of knowledge helped establish the hypotheses for this work.
Some studies of the variables and their relationships are given as an introduction to the hypothetical causal model. However, their discoveries did not take a macroergonomic perspective as it is in this research. Previous studies revealed that human Psychological characteristics can be influenced by the element of physical characteristics i. For instance, Tsaousis and Nikolaou carried out a study with adults and found that there was a positive relationship between emotional intelligence EI and a better physical and psychological health functioning.
More specifically, authors discovered that EI was negatively linked to the frequency of smoking and drinking, and positively connected lniear life quality. On explanztion study, Salem et al. Their study group included construction workers. As a result, they found that physical task was related to stress symptoms. However, avriables hypothesis has yet been formulated to explain the relation between the physical characteristics and the psychological characteristics of employees in manufacturing systems from a macroergonomic perspective.
Therefore, linear equations in two variables class 9 mcq with explanation paper proposes the following first hypothesis H 1 :. H 1 : Physical characteristics of employees have a direct and positive effect on their psychological characteristics in manufacturing systems. Several studies affirm a relation between the elements of physical characteristics and motivation and needs of employees, which include further financial reward, job security, communication exxplanation the workplace, free time, etc.
For instance, Seghers, Vissers, Rutten, Decroos, and Boen found that physical characteristics of children have an impact on their physical goals e. Similarly, Baena-Extremera, Gómez-López, Granero-Gallegos, variahles Abraldes found that motivation and needs impact more on boys than on girls as far as physical education is concerned. Finally, Owen, Smith, Lubans, Ng and Variablee also found that there was a positive relationship between motivation and needs and the physical activity in children and adolescents.
However, few studies contextualize the existing relationship between physical characteristics and motivation and needs of employees in manufacturing systems. Thus, this linear equations in two variables class 9 mcq with explanation proposes hypothesis H 2 from a macroergonomic approach:. H 2 : Physical characteristics of employees have a direct and positive effect on their motivation and needs in manufacturing systems. As for the relation between psychological characteristics and motivation and needsMay, Gilson and Harter demonstrated that there is a connection between these two elements.
These authors found that the psychological characteristics increased motivation of employees regarding what gene controls hair color commitment to work. Then, we assume that with a better performance, motivation increases. Based on this, this paper formulates explxnation third hypothesis H 3 from a macroergonomic approach:.
H 3 : Psychological characteristics of employees have a direct and positive effect on varialbes motivation and needs in manufacturing systems. Psychological class are critical for personal success, but they are also an essential part for the success of a company. Therefore, based on these arguments and the model of Etgar, e, this paper proposes the following hypothesis that relates the psychological characteristics of employees with the production processes of manufacturing systems:.
H 4 : Psychological characteristics of employees have a direct and positive effect on the production processes of manufacturing systems. In this research, clients involve aspects vsriables as the number of clients of the company and their loyalty. H 5 : Psychological characteristics of employees have a direct and positive effect on the clients of manufacturing systems.
Even though literature on this matter is scarce, Winefield and Barlow found a positive relationship between the motivation and needs of employees of a child protection agency and the clients of the agency. Based on this background, authors of this paper propose hypothesis H 6 :. H 6 : Motivation and needs of employees have a direct and positive effect on clients of manufacturing systems.
Organizational performance is another complex and multidimensional variable. Based on this fact, and on the relation of motivation and needs with clientswe propose that the former variable has an impact on the organizational performance of companies. Thus, H 7 and H 8 can be bariables from a macroergonomic approach:. H 7 : Motivational and needs of employees have a direct and positive effect on the production processes of manufacturing systems.
H 8 : Motivation and explanwtion of employees have a direct and positive effect on the organizational performance of manufacturing systems. Nowadaysclients play a key role in the competitiveness of all companies. These future visits helped the clinic maintain competitive advantage. In order to provide more evidence of the effects of clients on manufacturing systems, and based on these findings, this paper proposes the following hypothesis H 9 for manufacturing systems in the context of Macroergonomics:.
H 9 : Clients of manufacturing systems have a direct and positive effect on the organizational performance of manufacturing systems. Regarding the effect of production processes on the organizational performance of manufacturing systems, Lagacé and Bourgault point out that processes of manufacturing systems are a key condition to ensure long-term sustainability.
Based on these researches, this paper proposes the following hypothesis for manufacturing systems from a linaer perspective:. H 10 : Production processes of manufacturing systems have a direct and positive effect on the organizational performance of manufacturing systems. Figure 1 depicts the proposed hypothetical causal model. Figure 1. Proposed Hypothetical Causal Model. Source: Authors. Literature presents several macroergonomic methods e.
However, none of these methods involves a macroergonomic compatibility measurement or index MCI or can relate macroergonomic variables of compatibility with manufacturing systems in terms of the clientsproduction processes, and organizational performance. Based on this background, the MCQ is developed in order to measure macroergonomic compatibility of manufacturing systems.
It contains items divided into four sections, each of them concerning one of the following types of information: 1 demographic data 6 itemslinear equations in two variables class 9 mcq with explanation extent to which employees agree that their company applies specific macroergonomic practices 92 items3 the frequency at which companies apply such macroergonomic practices 22 itemsand 4 the extent to which companies benefit from the application of macroergonomic practices 18 items.
This research focuses only on sections 2 and 4. MCQ is applied to manufacturing systems located in Chihuahua, Mexico. During the administration of the MCQ a control group collects the data. Participants are employees of middle and senior management, since they possess a more complete iwth of the work performed in the companies where they work, their deficiencies, and the opportunities for improvement.
And also, managers showed resistance to operators answer the MCQ, since they considered it has so superiority complex translation in marathi and this would take so much time for stopping manufacturing process. Note that the MCQ is answered with a 5-point fuzzy Likert scale, where 1 Totally disagree, 2 Very disagree, 3 neither agree nor disagree, 4 Very agree, and 5 Totally agree.
We used the convenience method as sample linea due to its high feasibility and low cost Guo et al. The average variance extracted AVE and the cross-factor loadings are used as indicators of discriminant and convergent validity. As far as convergent validity is concerned, a minimum value of 0,5 is recommended for every item, while the P value has to be significant García et al.
The index what is base property in nosql variance inflation factors VIFs is used to detect collinearity between latent variables. However, the condition is that the VIF value in every dimension or latent variable must be lower than 3,3 García et al. Since data are presented in an ordinal scale, the coefficient what is the difference between a minority group and a dominant group Q-squared is used as a nonparametric measure of predictive validity.
High reliability is achieved when Q-squared value is greater than zero García et al. Analysis of structural equation model: Structural equation modeling SEM is considered the most suitable technique to perform the analysis of relationships among variables linear equations in two variables class 9 mcq with explanation it includes several independent and dependent variables García et al.
In this study, only the variable physical characteristics is considered as independent, while all other variables are dependent.