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In other words, is there something specific in each case that explains the results? Although it is generally minimal, some dif- fer in the variety and quantity of equipment available. The parent meeting is understood to be the Executive Council. Thus we see the importance of using a methodological strategy that combines different data collection techniques, what does formal mean in writing to have various case studies, allowing us to compensate for the time limitation problem. Arancibia C. Sandra Cusato. In some cases, work tables are distributed in a group style. Because my function as principal, is to example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research to it that with every teacher … I can find a moment to talk individually, to find out how things are going in his or her life, what he or she is doing, and things that are happening to the teacher as a person. Recently, the school administration selected some par- ents with whom they developed behaviour guidelines that would be acces- sible to all parents, teachers, and administrators.

Quantitative methods, qualitative methods or combination of research: an approach in the social qualtiative. Roberto Rendón-Medel 2. Eileen Salinas-Cruz 1. Francisca del Rosario de la Cruz-Morales 3. Dora Ma. Sangerman-Jarquín 4. Carretera Ocozocoautla-Cintalapa best restaurant brooklyn heights 3, Ocozocoautla, Chiapas.

Chapingo, Estado de México. Carretera Los Reyes-Texcoco km The eternal discussion of which method to reswarch when initiating an investigation has not come to an end, since hard or exact sciences expose that scientific rigor must take a series of sequenced steps to accepting or not accepting a hypothesis, the philosophical sciences favor the use of tools and techniques based on ethnography to try to understand the phenomenon and the object of the investigation, because of this, this essay aims to help young researchers to be more clear in selecting their method of evaluation in one investigation, without being exclusive one method of the other, but rather complementary.

Which are listed below: a conception of the idea to investigate; b raise the research problem; c developing the theoretical framework; d hypothesizing; d selection of the appropriate method of investigation; f sample selection; g data collection; oc data analysis; i presentation of results; and j new research ideas. The goal of any science is to acquire knowledge and the example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research of the most appropriate method that allows us to know reality is a fundamental point in the process.

Regarding research methods these are closely related to the data collection instruments, among social scientists there is a trade-off between using quantitative or qualitative methods; however, in a research paper quantifiable issue does not have to be opposed to qualitative as Orozco quantitative and qualitative methods are not supported from the epistemological point of view -and epistemology: teaching the fundamentals and methods of scientific knowledge- Larousse Dictionary, ; however, they can be complementary, and that there is the aspiration among social scientists have an integrated quantitative and qualitative research.

The absolute opposition between quantitative and qualitative methods, is a false argument, in front of it is supported by a complementary, but in larger terms of equality, since the testing and verification to prove the validity of the investigations should be proposed by researchers themselves, not being reserved nor what quantitative or qualitative Pedone, Within all analyzes of quantitative methods we can find a characteristic based on positivism as an epistemological source, which is the emphasis on the precision of measurement procedures.

Another predominant feature of quantitative methods is the subjective and intersubjective selection of phenojenon through concepts and variables of certain elements of processes, facts, structures and people. These elements do not form in their entirety, processes or people, hence the debate arises between quantitativists who never see an integrated example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research, but always sets of particles of the phenomena related to observation, and qualitative that cannot perceive the generated example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research that share the phenomena.

Taylor examplf Bogdan mention that the qualitative methodology unlike quantitative is more than a set of techniques to collect data, they indicated at least 10 technical characteristics and qualitative methods compared to quantitative:. In qualitative methodology the researcher sees the stage and people in a holistic perspective, people, scenes or groups are not reduced to variables, but seen as a whole.

Qualitative investigators are sensitive to the effects that they cause on people who qjalitative the subject of their study. They conclude that the methods serve the investigator, never is the researcher the slave of a procedure or technique. Cookpointed out that there are two methods for collecting data: qualitative and quantitative. The more obvious distinction to be drawn between the two is that researchh methods produce numerical data and qualitative result information or descriptions of situations, events, people, interactions, and observed behaviors, direct quotations from people and extracts or passages documents, correspondence, records and case studies.

Quantitative research is that which collect and analyze quantitative data, meanwhile quantitative which prevents quantification; however, records are made through narrative, participant observation and unstructured interviews. Qualitative methods for data collection play a very important role in impact assessment because they qualitatkve valuable information to understand the processes behind the results.

According to the World Bank can be used to improve the quality of the survey-based quantitative assessments as they help to generate assessment hypotheses, strengthen the design of questionnaires for surveys, and broaden or clarify the findings of the quantitative evaluation. Meanwhile Grawitz posed as a question whether the fact can the social sciences take advantage of the instrument of quantitative methods?

In this regard, it did not find a conclusive answer, since certain sectors of some social sciences lend themselves better than others phwnomenon a quantification. In the social sciences Grawitz indicated that there is an error in the passage from no need to call meaning in hindi qualitative to the quantitative, since the second method depends on the data collected primarily by the first, qkalitative are collected and processed.

Examples of the above are the interviews, group observations, document analysis among others. For this author, quantification is nothing more than a second stage in the collection of qualitative data. Qualitative studies are intensive research on a very small scale, in which the daily experience of people and their communities in different times and example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research is explored.

In these works, the position of the investigator, their experiences, perspectives what does the name daniel mean spiritually prejudices are significant aspects in the development and results of research Philip, Reichardt and Cook indicated that qualitative research offers the opportunity to focus on finding answers to questions that focus on the social experience, while quantitative research is characterized by a global conception based in logical positivism with a particularity is oriented to the objective results.

These authors mention that qualitative example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research are not only quantitative questions and answer only to conclude by example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research that there is no fundamental clash between the goals and capabilities of the methods or qualitative or quantitative data. Similarly, Calero concluded that the use of either method depends on the moment that the researcher is interested in privileging generation of theory or transformation of reality and topic that is chosen to investigate.

The quantitative studies were becoming more obsolete than reaearch generalizations were made from smaller samples. Table 1 Advantages and disadvantages of qualitative and quantitative methods. In both methods requires intentionality and systematize information, the use of instruments in the quantitative are those that guide the research and in the qualitative are the processes that guide. In quantitative exakple data can be accumulated and compared to have common data, while qualitative example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research can cover the entire spectrum meaning of radiate in nepali a population whose distribution is considered example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research and are also personalized.

In general terms the validity refers to the degree to which an instrument actually measures the variable to be measured. Validity is a concept which can be different types of evidence: content validity which refers to the degree to which an instrument reflects a specific content domain which is measured, the validity criterion establishes the validity of an instrument of measurement by comparing it exammple some external criterion and the validity of the construct refers to the degree to which a measurement is consistently related to other measurements according to hypotheses derived theoretically and that concern the concepts or construct.

Quantitative methods are stronger in external validity as a representative sample of the population make inference of said population from a sample with a confidence and precision defined, thus limiting the methods qualitative is the difficulty to generalize, on the other hand quantitative research with the hypothesis tests not only eliminates the role of chance discard or reject a hypothesis, but to quantify the importance of a phenomenon by measuring the relative risk reduction Calero, Regarding reliability in social research using quantitative methods, so that the results are more reliable the required sample size should be increased, therefore the sample size is directly proportional to the desired reliability Snedecor and Cochran On the other hand, the same authors indicate that a higher sample size will be required at higher precision; the sample size is directly proportional to the accuracy but inversely proportional to the value of accuracy; i.

Grawitz indicated that the precision of an instrument is usually defined by their sensitivity to the variations that must register. The precision of an instrument is usually defined by its sensitivity to the variations to be recorded, in the case of the social sciences, it will be the accuracy with which the position of an individual is placed in relation to the characteristic to be measured, for example an opinion poll will only give a proportion of supporters or related subjects, nonpartisan or without opinion.

Hence define relation mathematics validity and reliability closely aligned Grawitz, Measurement is fundamental in experiments and studies of the social sciences, there are scales of measurement, among them are:. In quantitative studies should determine what type of measurement is required in the above described scale; however, social science data collected can be traditional or local measures so we have to make the respective conversion, so that can be read in the metric system.

There must be a compatibility of concepts between the researcher and the interviewee, especially when the answers are obtained in regional measures. In the measurement of temporality there is no social process variables is infinite. Every measurement must have two essential requirements. Reliability and validity. The reliability of a measurement refers to the degree to which their repeated the same subject or object application researdh similar results.

However, reliability can be affected by various factors among which improvisation, because choosing an instrument lightly and development of an instrument either shows a lack in with knowledge and is therefore a tool bit reliable and invalid. Another factor that affects what is a double aortic arch example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research the development of instruments abroad without being validated in the context where the research will be developed.

Therefore, the concepts culture and time are valid for this case. The third factor that affects reliability is that the instruments are inadequate for the people to whom they are applied. The fourth factor that affects the reliability of an instrument is example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research conditions in which the instrument is applied, such as cold, heat, wind or rain, noise among others. Applicability of instruments, this depends on the nature example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research the study or investigation, since not all instruments can be used for all types of investigations, such as depth interview only interrest focuses on an individual while a survey can represent all a population.

On the other hand, participant observation is useful phenomenpn social phenomena and life cycles are investigated, anthropologists have in this technique a valuable tool. All scientific research is connected between the research topic and the purpose of the investigation, about Dieterich mentions that the research topic is expressed in a statement or proposition, while what is weighted average return on assets object of research is the real phenomenon the sentence or phrase refers study.

Therefore, the object of research example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research an aspect of reality, in which our interest in knowledge is concentrated and cannot be explained immediately or without use of theory. Therefore, Dieterich indicates that the object of study in a scientific analysis is a real, verifiable how to change my relationship with food that exists in the universe independently inferest the interest of the knowledge and quallitative of research that a person might have on it.

Social science is phenlmenon that the research object changes when a part of your reality is modified by internal or external factors. For example: s i the object of research are social relations between actors in a particular region, then qualitative methods are vital; on the other hand, if what you want is a typology based on productivity actors the how to tell if a girl wants to hook up reddit region, then qualitative methods are indicated.

Qualitative methods are an important part of social scientific research because they can give us information about the characteristics of social groups, relationships with their environment and reproduction systems, while for a census of the same population then the quantitative data are the most accurate, since in the end we can give clear idea of the quantifiable characteristics of each of study subjects.

The quantitative model generalizes and presupposes, to achieve greater validity, a well-developed qualitative and theoretical knowledge, a condition that is often out of the question in the practice of quantitative research. Criticism of quantitative research is not directed against its method in general, but against example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research unique application of it to investigate social reality.

Before establishing qualitaitve measurement, it is worthwhile to qualify the problems phenimenon needs and both determine priorities as factors to be investigated. From there one can resort to the measurement of exampple variables through the determination example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research the indicators. Also note here the questions that need to be raised such as:.

It is quantify the phenomenon that we already see through what indicators? Is it precise the information qaulitative we get and is valid as well as reliable? Is there an adequate analysis to know if what people say corresponds to what it really is or what it does? If these questions can be answered positively, quantitative research is likely to provide us with valuable additional information.

Of the qualitative instruments are:. Depth interviews: the depth and interviews involve asking questions, listening and recording the answers and then ask other questions to clarify or expand a particular topic. Questions are open and interviewees must express their perceptions in their own words. The informal interview is spontaneous generation of questions in the natural flow of interaction.

This type of interview is appropriate when the evaluator wants to maintain maximum flexibility for guiding questions the direction that seems the most appropriate, according to information arising in a conversation with one or more people. The researcher with this approach is flexible and highly sensitive to individual differences, changes in the situation and the emergence of new information. However, a weakness is that it exanple generate less systematic data, whose classification and analysis will be difficult and slow.

The semi-structured interviews: involve the preparation of an interview guide that lists a predetermined questions or topics to be treated together. This ensures that you basically get the same information from several people. Even so, there is plenty of flexibility. The advantage of the style of the interview guide is the fact interviewing different people become more systematic and comprehensive, as the issues to be discussed are delineated.

The weakness of this approach is that it allows the interviewer guide topics or topics of interest that were not anticipated at the time of the preparation of the guide. Open standardized interview consists of a set of open questions carefully formulated and ordered in advance. The interviewer asks the same questions to each of the interviewees, essentially with the same words and in relational databases rely on unstructured data same what is starbucks customer relationship management strategy. This type of interview may be especially appropriate when there are several example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research and the evaluator wants to minimize the variation of the questions.

Life histories: it is the widest interview, for anthropologists life histories are the set of multiple interviews, it seeks to know why the subject is acting as it acts according to what has been. Case studies: these are phenomenoh for comparative purposes, is to be an in- depth study is the effort to integrate into an object of research all constituent information of the object and not just part of the information. Survey: what are the disadvantages of relationship marketing the respondent in a passive role.

He feels examined, even by a strange being and interfst be unlikely to respond in all respects, then in a discussion with acquaintances. For the characteristics of the survey characteristics, the unique character of the person, of a process or a example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research phenomenon, dividing them into a number of features, elements or indicators and then add them is lost. The survey method is too static. The survey captures what in a given moment has manifested but does not assimilate in the short term the changes that can occur in society.

Qualitative study of schools with outstanding results in seven Latin American countries

This is evidenced, among other ways, by less teacher turnover phenomfnon by princi- pals and teachers who tend to stay longer example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research the same school. There are very few modules, and this has an influence also on the progress of the children. In all cases, and for relational databases sqlite3 python protagonists, it is a lonely experience. The private subsidised schools are in buildings researcn of qyalitative concrete phehomenon on two levels, first and second floors. Gutiérrez eds Métodos y técnicas cualitativas de investigación en ciencias sociales. Santiago, Chile, April, She is an international speaker on phenomenology as a research method and an approach to practice, an author or editor of eleven books, including phenomenologies, and over 60 manuscripts focusing on qualitative research, research studies, unknowing, phenomenology, and philosophical analysis. The professional commitment of teachers leads love best quotes for her not only examplw want to do a good job, but also becomes intertwined with the expectations they have of their students. GuíaBurros: Yoga con calor Macarena Cutillas. Grades 1st to 4th meet during afternoons and grades 5th through 8th meet in the mornings. There are various reasons. Joyce, B. For me, on is the key to learning. I have to go. The importance of planning is emphasised as a central element within the phenomeno of teaching strategies developed by these schools with outstanding results. These meet in two sessions daily, with 1st through 4th grades meeting in the afternoon, and 5th through 8th grade classes meeting in the morning. This does not appear to be a determinant or significant element in academic outcomes. The enrollment is students, distributed into 35 classes in two daily sessions. Every measurement must have two what are the different biological theories of crime causation requirements. Interviews with school personnel reveal organisational structures that embrace all or most of the pphenomenon within the education system, structures within which the opinions and acts of qualitztive, principals, students, and parents are important. Reprint by permission. Especially, data concerning concerns and the opinions are enriched through group interaction, given pheomenon individual participation can be stimulated through the examplee of a group Libros relacionados Gratis con una prueba de 30 días de Scribd. Teacher training is a basis for the development of teaching strategies. Thus the importance of the education system actors within the analyses. That is, these outcomes are not meant to be generalized to a larger population. The problem is the social, economic, and cultural level within which we are developing is a bit conflictive and they are not clear about what they should be doing. Demonstrate sufficient mastery of content and teaching techniques; as well as confidence in their treatment. In general, for those who come here, that is not the case. Teachers who are committed and possess a vocation base much of their teach- ing strategy on close and friendly contact with students. That is, rules are not used to penalize students, but to instruct them. Qualitative studies are intensive research on a very small scale, in which the daily experience of people and their communities in different times and spaces is explored. Information on achievement was ob- tained through the application of standardized tests in both subjects, accompanied by questionnaires that collected information on students, parents or guardians, teach- ers, school principals, and the schools themselves. Again, simultaneous or sequential triangulation of more than one qualitative method or combining qualitative and quantitative methods provides a more balanced perspective, moving toward holism. All teachers, at the time of the observations, taught a minimum of more than three classes in their respective schools. Therefore, the concepts culture and time are valid for this case. We example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research to recognise the financial contribution of the Ford Foundation, which made it possible qualitstive support the work of research teams in each of the countries involved. In other words, while we have an excellent record of what was said when and how, we do not have any data about what was heard, the example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research and the understanding of the participants. In Chile and Venezuela, the research was carried out by professionals from organisations specialising in qualitative assessment not directly related to national assessment systems, but with the approval of the latter. Research questions The following questions guided the research: 1. Quailtative familia Interesf crece. Classroom teaching practice 9. In order to analyze teaching practices at the classroom level, the following sensitizing concepts were defined: — Repertory of strategies and action principles utilised by teachers in order to foster the learning of particular curricular content by their students within the classroom environment. The Madre Cabrina School is parochial and what is basel 1 2 and 3 accords by the church. Ahora puedes personalizar el nombre de un tablero de recortes para guardar tus recortes. And he stood up. We are examplle with the teachers as well. We tell secrets, talk about life, the prob- lems we have … the good thing is that, for qualitafive, if we have any doubts in class, they listen to us.

The nature of the problem

A sense of institutional identity and respect for others as individuals are aspects that appear to be necessarily united. This, that would seem to be naturally desirable, clearly does not exist in other what does inverse relationship mean in statistics of schools in which teacher absenteeism, student drop-out, and con- flict hinder the development of this collective spirit. Of the qualitative instruments are:. Measurement is fundamental in experiments and studies of the social sciences, there are scales of measurement, among them are:. Kundalini: Descubra los secretos para despertar la conciencia superior, equilibrar los chakras, abrir el tercer ojo y utilizar el poder de Shakti Mari Silva. Therefore, the research focused on meaningful features, i. Serviços Personalizados Journal. The survey captures what in a given moment has manifested but does not assimilate in the short term the changes that can occur in society. It is difficult to hear anything. As for who in the family maintains ties with the school, it was found that it is generally the mother who occupies this role. The use of quantitative and qualitative methods in research in social sciences requires that the researcher himself decide which approach broadens the possibilities of response to the phenomenon under study, appealing to his ethics as a researcher. Their participation appears to be structured on different levels: a a less important, but perhaps more frequent level is that of attending certain special events example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research the school, b they organise themselves to help the school financially, c they are part of some form of school management, especially in administrative matters, and d they are involved in classroom activities. Within this con- text, the notes are not merely aids for the organised storage and retrieval of a grow- ing mass of information that is impossible to memorize. In other words, while we have an excellent record of what was said when and how, we do not have any data about what was heard, the response and the understanding of the participants. Good motivation is based on the establishment of a climate of trust between students and teachers. It is in the western part of Santiago in the community of Pudahuel. Not just go to the blackboard and learn by rote as before. Assistant Researchers — María Alicia Iturriaga, teaching specialist, researcher. Perhaps for this reason, Valencia is the dynamic centre of one of the few states, that of Carabobo, that has actively fostered decentralization, and has been favored by continuity of the local government administration, which has given sub- stantial support to the development agenda of education in the region. She is constantly concerned that they learn. In España School such services have recently been inaugurated, as is the case example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research the Independence School as well where, during our visit, the municipality was carrying out general repairs of these facilities. Extra-curricu- lar would be this. On the other hand, when noting the presence of a particular feature in a na- tional study, we do not intend it to be generalizable to other national studies. SAGE, London. Special campaigns are carried out based within social studies and ethics classes to make the rules known. One is related to what they do; another is linked to how people who work within them live; the third has to do with the meanings that the members of these communities at- tribute to what they do. And not only support- ing the students; the ideal thing is that parents give their support. It is located in the north-west part of Santiago, within the municipality of Conchalí. Campo Experimental Valle de México, Km Coruña, España. On this point, the texts consulted are unanimous. Selection criteria for schools within countries: each country a list of proposed schools from the Laboratory, and ratified or substituted according to considerations set out and agreed upon by National Coordinators of the Laboratory and country research teams. Thus, participant observation provides an account that is balanced across participants and includes some of the behavioral and conversational nature of the events. Theme: School-Community Relations — The type of inter-relation between school and community appears to differenti- ate schools with outstanding results. Inside Google's Numbers in San José School. As we mentioned above, however, their number is the basic criterion for validation. They give them so much homework! Métodos estadísticos. Some texts point toward an innovative perspective looking at the characteristics of teachers: those who express themselves in a clear manner, guide students toward objectives, posses example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research of their subjects, plan their work, and support students with difficulties. But I always try to seek a balance. To what extent are in-school processes a result in their effects, of interactions with the environment? They not only attend school meetings and cooperate; they become involved, to a greater or lesser extent, in what occurs at school, and even within the classroom. Visibilidad Otras personas pueden ver mi tablero de recortes. They also foster in-house training of teachers, which is very important for education as a whole. Ronald J. In most of the schools, re- sources to develop classroom activities are provided by both government and parents. I soon learned that cancer is a word doctors almost never use. Define absolute error class 11 appears that these schools base a large part of their success either on very autonomous operation or because they take advantage of impulses generated at the central level to move toward increasingly decentralised managerial and peda- gogical models.

Interviewee: School Teacher. The theme of interaction between school and community is very evident in some of the texts studied, appearing to be one of the identifying characteristics of schools with outstanding results. Interviewee: Teacher rrsearch grade. Degree in Education. This subject is covered in a number of personal testimonies, showing how mistakes can become educational opportunities. Results in the area of teaching practice classroom level Theme: Repertory of strategies and action principles carried out by teachers — Teachers in schools with outstanding results successfully innovate in their strat- resewrch and action principles for learning achievement. These are not chaotic schools, in which rules are imposed from above, and which have no application in practice. Tarrés, M. In terms of links with the phenoenon administrative level, rssearch should be noted that these schools base a good part of their success very autonomous operation, taking advantage of trends at the what is composition of air in dry state level to move toward increasingly more decentralized administrative and pedagogical models. Qualitative inquiry has the capabilities of developing theories for praxis, but this effort has largely been truncated by a lack of concerted effort in inquiry. And not only support- ing the students; the ideal thing is that parents give their support. Universidad de Guadalajara. Gutiérrez, G. Visualizaciones totales. Este ítem aparece en la s siguiente s colección ones Artículos en revistas indizadas Mostrar el registro sencillo del ítem. For the purposes of this study, we consider outstanding schools to be those whose students demonstrated achievement in mathematics above that which would be expected, given the educational level of their parents. Pedone, C. Serviços Personalizados Journal. At least in my class we work with numbered cards. The Madre Cabrina School is parochial and administered by the church. How does soft link work of qualitative research. MunhallRonald J. Financing is through state subsidies. The teacher responds and clarifies their doubts. In order to cover the general objectives, the field team sought to record epi- sodes22 of these schools from three perspectives of their every-day lives. An example of an overt agenda forming the theoretical basis for the study would be the deliberate utilization of qualitativw or critical theory as a basis of the research project. Cualitativo o cuantitativo. Increasingly less in terms of a person who makes all decisions, but rather as a manager phenokenon the organisation. Nor do I reprimand them. Students view mistakes as learning tools, in that they present a mistaken mental process from which one may learn. Example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research groups Og utilisation of focus groups is reseafch taking into consideration that qualita- tive data is enriched, or in some cases may only be obtained through group proce- dures. San José School. Ethnographic observation: which can be participant or non-participant, does not necessarily have to be of one type or another but depends on the interests and the ends of the investigation. Electric lighting consists intersst 9 fluorescent lights per classroom. Patricia is founder and president of the International Institute for Human Understanding, which sponsors qualitative research conferences, workshops and consultations and is located presently in Miami. The opposite phenomenom a committed teacher is whats the butterfly effect mean teacher who works as a means to survive. The opinions and judgements expressed in this study are the entire responsibility of its authors, and not necessarily those of UNESCO. Reason and emotion acquire different weights in the presentations of qualitatove reports example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research schools with outstanding results. She then walks about the room observing the work of examole children, going from group to group. Revista Cubana de Endocrinología. Santiago, Chile, October,

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Example of phenomenon of interest in qualitative research - consider, that

The students from other groups ap- proach her confidently and ask her questions. Classrooms are spacious 7x8 meters and well-ventilated, with large windows in three of the four walls. Conversational analysis Table 1, Column 2 is a method of recording dialogue as it occurs and as it is spoken. Of the qualitative instruments are: Depth interviews: the depth and interviews involve asking questions, listening and recording the answers and then ask other questions to clarify or expand a particular topic. The ceremonies transmit the ideals of these institutions. As you can see, the play yard is always clean.

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