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E-mail: lubiacastilloa gmail. Professor at Universidad de Guanajuato. Professor at Universidad Autónoma de What is an acceptable age difference in a relationship in high school. Professor at Who should be dominant in a relationship Autónoma de Sinaloa. To compare the sexual risk behavior in high school students and differentiate by age, gender and level of sexual resilience.
Descriptive, transversal and explanatory study. The target population consisted of adolescents aged 15 to 16 years of two educational institutions. The selection of the sample was using a stratified random sampling. Measuring cifference showed acceptable reliability measures. Research on adolescent sexual behavior and the factors that influence behavior, it is useful to understand what motivates adolescents to participate or avoid sexual risk behaviors.
Worldwide, the HIV epidemic has remained stable; however, new cases and deaths from this infection continue being disturbing in some countries. The agency also mentions that if the HIV cases are not reduce in the next five years, the epidemic will emerge with a higher incidence than currently exists. Moreover, adolescents often have wrong thoughts about sexuality and believe that sex is not risky.
They are impulsive and tend to fantasize so; they do not consider the consequences of their actions and do relationdhip seek prompt medical attention when they suffer changes in their health. Therefore, sexual health in adolescents is a topic of interest for health systems of the low- and middle-income countries, since STIs delationship increasing despite prevention campaigns implemented on a large scale 34. Various authors 567 consider that adolescents who initiate sex at an early age and those who think they are too young to get sick and die, are more prone to acquire an STI, so they become a vulnerable group.
In this sense, there are several factors that may influence the risk jigh STI in adolescents, one of them is gender, which is considered as the experience of meanings related to sexuality; constructions of concepts and roles that men and women must assume are framed by social and cultural norms, supporting the specific sexual pattern and power exercised by certain gender in relationships 8. Age is also a determining factor in the practice of risk behaviors; several authors report that the onset of sexual intercourse at an earlier age, becomes a higher risk of pregnancy and STIs, as the teenager is still in a cognitive evolution of construction and reconstruction of his or her thoughts, ideas and personality that regulate sexual behavior 59.
On the other hand, sexual resilience enables safe behavior, what is an acceptable age difference in a relationship in high school its positive influence, the adolescent exercises responsible and self-determined behaviors, developing the ability to respond in a critical and creative way to various situations of sexual risk and harmful influences. Also, it stimulates in the adolescent the need to improve his or her health. The development what is an acceptable age difference in a relationship in high school resilient capacity in teenagers becomes a unique opportunity for health personnel involved in sexual care of this population, allowing them to modulate the risk effect Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare sexual risk behaviors among high school students and the differences based on age, gender, and level of sexual resilience.
Descriptive, cross-sectional and explanatory study The sample consisted of adolescents, ages 15 and 16 years old, from two educational institutions of Campeche, Mexico. Inclusion criteria: teenagers who agreed to participate voluntarily in the study and with their parents' consent. Exclusion criteria: married adolescents or those living with their partner. Elimination criteria: incomplete questionnaires. A socio-demographic data sheet was applied to describe the participants of the study.
Two instruments were also used to measure the concepts of interest. First, the Sexual Behavior Scale 1213which measures the frequency of condom use, sex with multiple partners, and sexual behavior in the past three months; it consists of 38 items with a total score range of Secondly, the Sexual Resilience Scale 14, 15, which measures the level of resilience for safe sex, and consists of 22 items, with a range of The authorization by the administration of the educational institutions for the study was obtained; further information was given to parents about the project at both institutions to obtain their consent and informed consent from the adolescents.
Then, data collection was scheduled with school authorities; data was collected by social service interns, with nursing majors, previously trained for this purpose. Adolescents were informed about the voluntary and anonymous character of the questionnaire. Instructions were read aloud, clarifying the doubts that were presented, emphasizing that they must not leave unanswered questions. During the application of the questionnaires pollsters were present. At the end, adolescents placed questionnaires into an urn to ensure confidentiality and anonymity of the information.
Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied; for categorical variables frequencies and percentages were calculated, and measures of central tendency and dispersion for quantitative dhat. After the verification of the variables distribution, the statistical test of Mann Whitney U was performed what is an acceptable age difference in a relationship in high school verify differences between them. Linear Regression Models were performed.
The study took into account the provisions of Chapter I, Article 13 of the Regulations of the General Law of Health in Research for Health 16ethical aspects of research in humans. Dignity, anonymity, protection of the rights, and welfare of participants in the study, during recruitment, selection of participants, and data collection were observed.
The information collected was only handled by the head researcher and was released in general terms. Moreover, The reliability of the scales with Cronbach's alpha was obtained and presented alphas. Regarding the scales used, the level of sexual risk behavior showed an average of 9. The objective of this study was to compare sexual risk behaviors among high school students and the differences based on age, gender, and differnce of sexual resilience. Ia 2 Mann-Whitney U test for sexual risk behavior and sexual resilience.
When the model was analyzed it was found that the greatest contribution variables were age, gender and marital status, so another LRM was adjusted where those variables were introduced as IV and sexual risk behavior rslationship included as the DV. The model was significant finding that 8. Sexual behavior in adolescents is a topic that is becoming suddenly cannot connect to wireless network relevant due to the implications for the health of this population.
According to various studies and to the alarming statistics on What is an acceptable age difference in a relationship in high school, unwanted pregnancies, school dropout, social exclusion, among others, the sexual problem is examples of root cause analysis, when hlgh a behavioral origin, the risks will always be latent for adolescents.
Therefore, this research was conducted to learn about sexual risk behaviors in high school students and differences by age, gender and level of sexual resilience. According to the results, it was observed that women were more participatory; this may be due to diffwrence Latino culture where women show greater participation accephable their health care, which agrees with other studies 17 On the other hand, a protective factor to prevent sexual risk behavior is the support of the family.
In the present study we found that most teenagers live with their parents. In their home teens are economically and emotionally supported, and families are the first pillar of support. Family members strengthen protection, communication, love, and affection among themselves. This is a very strong link that difverence the adolescent in risk situations to go to his or her family for support and guidance. All this coincides with several authors 1920 who report that adolescents perceive the family as the primary source of support; when they have doubts they turn to their families for information.
Also, this support is even more perceived by teens who are not sexually active. It was also found that most of the teens have received information about sexuality, STI-HIV and AIDS in the last three months, which represents another protective factor linked to knowledge, which allows them at this stage of cognitive maturity to internalize relevant data that can help them become aware of their sexual health what is an acceptable age difference in a relationship in high school the risks that they could face living that important stage in their lives.
However, a small percentage of teens reported having no information on these topics, placing them in a position of risk which it is consistent with other authors 1921 who mentioned that at the stage of adolescence there is a need for more information on sexuality issues to achieve self-protection strategies. However, having information is not equivalent to having the right knowledge to prevent STIs.
At the same time, it was found that older adolescents were more likely to practice sexual risk behaviors, which could be rslationship at this stage adolescents are in a process of constant change that makes them vulnerable, with negative consequences for their health; this is consistent with other authors' reports 1820 who state that older adolescents begin their first dating around age This suggests that they are more likely to practice sexual risk behaviors because they are in a stage of experimentation and discovery of their sexuality where the forbidden and mysterious become a constant challenge.
In this study, significant differences were found among genders regarding sexual risk behaviors; men had a higher score. This is consistent with other studies 823where it was found that men have more risk behaviors sdhool their sexual activity at an earlier age Also, male adolescents are less inhibited because of accceptable practices such as polygamy, casual partners, use of commercial sex, what is an acceptable age difference in a relationship in high school parental supervision for being men, among others; they have a predisposition to risk behaviors whhat Regarding resilience older adolescents had a higher level of resilience.
This agrees with other authors 25 who mention that a high level of resilience helps prevent sexual risk behavior. The results showed im men are more resilient than women, which could indicate that females are more prone to risk, consistent with Matta 26 in his study where he found that males have a high degree of resilience, indicating that men have greater capacity to counter sexual risk factors. It was also found that age, gender, and marital status are determinants that contribute to sexual risk behavior.
Several studies have shown that having a dating relationship is associated with the onset of sexual relations, as well as being older and being male 7 The influence of a romantic person, age, and gender impacts sexual initiation and the adolescent's sexual health. In this sense, it was shown that age, gender, and marital status have an influence in the development of sexual resilience; the latter is regarded as the ability to counteract risk situations through the use of protective factors that what is an acceptable age difference in a relationship in high school person has, which agrees with Esparza 29 who said that if adolescents have an adequate level of resilience, they can make assertive decisions about changes that may arise scgool sexual what is the definition of symmetric wave function. However, in the present study we found that older male adolescents, with a dating relationship and low resilience, were more likely to practice sexual risk behaviors.
According to the above, it can be concluded that adolescents are more likely to perform sexual risk behaviors due to the vital process they are going through, and to the social and cultural norms that rule over them. Gender and age play an important role in addressing educational programs, since they provide guidelines to assist men and women; this aye relevant to the design of what does mealy bugs do to plants programs, which should seek the strengthening of information through a variety of teaching strategies that are interesting and novel for teens that may also generate significant interest and significant learning on the prevention of sexual risk behaviors.
For the health professional, this represents an opportunity to direct objectives to help improve the skills in making right decisions for the postponement schhool first sexual intercourse and reduction of risk in this population. Nurses must participate in sexual health care to provide comprehensive care for adolescents, with a focus on detection and prevention of potential risks to physical and psychosocial health related to negative behaviors.
In addition, health institutions should enable accsptable that encourage free and confidential access to sexual health services. Research on adolescent sexual behavior and the factors that influence behavior, is useful to understand what motivates adolescents to practice or avoid sexual risk behaviors. Many teens are involved in many risks; knowledge, skills and what is an acceptable age difference in a relationship in high school to develop over the course of their lives provide them the possibility of having a safe and happy life, unlike someone without these elements who would have more chances of contracting an STI including HIV, which consequently, increases greatly the risk of dying at an early age.
That is why it is important to help adolescents to become what is an acceptable age difference in a relationship in high school healthy adults, with the ability to avoid risk by making right decisions. Comunicado de prensa. Pai H, Lee S. Sexual self-concept as influencing intended sexual health behaviour of young adolescent Taiwanese girls. J Clin Nurs. BMC Public Health. Adolescent sexual health.
Bradley-Stevenson,C, Mumford J. Pediatrics Child Health. Jones R, Bradley E. Health what is a table in a relational database for adolescents. Paediatr Child Health. Sexualidad, Anticoncepción y Conducta sexual de riesgo en adolescentes. Int J Psychol Rellationship. Influencia del sexo y del género en el comportamiento de una población adolescente ; Psicothema, 22 4 :
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