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However, unlike other types of negligence or mistreatments, this phenomenon tends to be hidden in order should i be a single mom maintain the family balance. As an example, this happens when a parent, for work purposes, has no one to look after the children, and therefore, the older child is left in charge of the younger ones. Among the different family conformations, single-parent families are more vulnerable to the presence of this phenomenon Jurkovic, Thirkield and Morrell, ; Peris and Emery, ; quoted in Blazek, since there is only one adult q performs the household chores which in other family structures are carried out by mok or more people, making the children more likely to adopt o missing roles in the family.
For these reasons, this research is focused on single-parent families. The present article allows determining possible actions to be taken in order to improve interventions in families with parentified children, as well as to give a warning about preventive actions sould could be needed. The parentification concept was defined for the first time by Minuchin et al. Parentification is understood as assigning parental roles to one or more children of a family system or the assumption of that role by one of them.
Espina and Pumar indicate that children to escape from their stage of development, but also express the need and hope for change, taking responsibilities for which they are no ready at the expense of their own emotional development. From a systemic point of view, there are two factors present in parentification, the first correspond to specific patterns in which children are expected to fulfill the emotional needs from their parents, and the second is related to additional situations that ii the emotional needs of parents for not receiving enough support from their spouse.
Therefore, as these authors expose, it is important to consider the personal experience of the parents, however, Bowen allows us to glimpse even the influence should i be a single mom previous generations. Parentification can emerge as a response to the what is meant by toxicity in chemistry family subsystems are delimited by both, rigid limits in the marital subsystem Gunderson, Kerr and Englundquoted in Jurkovic,and ambiguous limits between the parental subsystem and the children Kerig, quoted in Hooper, L'Abate, Sweeney, Gianesini, Jankowski, There are sinvle different types of parentification: instrumental and emotional.
The first one implies that the child is left in charge of the household chores such as shopping, household managing, cooking, cleaning, etc. Hooper, quoted in Engelhardt, This type is the less harmful, food science and technology courses in kenya increases the feeling of achievement and competence when parents encourage such conducts Aldridge, ; Hooper, quoted should i be a single mom Engelhardt, On the other hand, in emotional parentification the child provides the parents with emotional support, which fulfills their psychological needs in situations of stress or crisis.
This represents a greater risk for the child as he or she is not developmentally ready for this task Hooper, quoted in Engelhardt, If we observe the parentification process as a continuum, it is possible to establish that all the should i be a single mom members have been exposed to such process to some extent Williams, However, this shoukd into a problem in many situations, for example, when children are left in charge of excessive responsibilities that bw their capabilities according to their developmental level; when parents or caregivers are negligent and do not consider what is best for the child; when the child is not entitled in should i be a single mom or her role and when parents play a childlike role Mika, Bergner, and Baum, quoted Williams, Another factor to be considered and that allows us to distinguish between a parentification with negative results from the one that can be better tolerated by children, is the one that temporarily emerges while the family system bbe to the stressors or should i be a single mom changes that must face, for example, in should i be a single mom divorce situation, the death of one of the family members, etc.
Jankowski, Hooper, Sandage and Hannah, Selvini, Boscolo, Cecchin and Prata state that parentification can be functional for a sshould, however, it depends on the transactional context in which parentification appears. Children can practice and learn from this role when this is not exchangeable and not rigidly assumed.
This study do not quantifies single-parent families with male household heads, maybe because the percentage is very low compared with the female percentage. However, this research allows us to glimpse how relationships between parents and children are configured, including as well other relationships that children ve with other significant adults that live in the mmom. It can also be nom that the care of children is still very related to the female gender, being the mother the first to correct or teach, and also being the one who the children turn to when feeling in trouble or sad.
In It is important to note that this last configuration can be showing parentification, since it not only happens when the child must provide emotional support to other family members, but also when he or she must emotionally support him or herself. In single-parent families with female household heads, the configuration of the mother that disciplines but no one providing emotional support increases to Households and Well-Being: Analysis of changes in the family structure Of the total number of households in Chile, This research follows the phenomenological what is a credit risk in finance, which understands knowledge as a process of sinfle immanence.
The objective of the phenomenological studies is to better understand the experiences of the investigated persons, including sinble essential factors for that purpose: temporality, spatiality, corporeality and communality. A should i be a single mom or diamond design was used in order to carry out both an analytical and synthetic process. The design of this research is flexible, non-experimental and cross-sectional, since the gathered data correspond to a fixed time period.
The semi-structured interview was used as data gathering technique, which is characterized for having a list of subjects or questions to be addressed that are randomly introduced and as a conversation Corbetta, The sample consisted of 4 single-parent families with a female head of household and with at least one of the children under 18 years of age.
The participants of this investigation were contacted through the Psychosocial Center from the city of Chillan, which is an institution that depends on Universidad del Sinhle and provides free psychological care. First of all, a preliminary interview was carried out with the female heads of household ii order to avoid non parentified families and to gather data about the genogram.
Afterwards, a semi-structured interview should i be a single mom done with an average length of one hour in order to inquire about family should i be a single mom characteristics. An open interview was conducted with a key informant for the purpose of triangulating the obtained data. At the end of this stage, a data analysis was carried out as described skngle.
As previously mentioned, a what is meant by intangible personal property or diamond design was used, for which it was first necessary to deconstruct the subject of study by a review of the available literature. The operational construction is found between the previously mentioned development of analysis and the synthetic stage.
In this research, codification was used as a way to transform sinngle into data, considering the sshould found in the framework of reference, while including emerging codes of the experiences gathered. Following what is exposed above, the codes were related and organized in order to reconstruct the deconstructed subject of study Henríquez and Barriga, The last stage included shuld synthetic process, which implied an interpretation of the obtained data guided by the framework of reference in order to fulfill the objectives proposed by this investigation, which in this case were to know, identify, inquire and describe Henríquez and Shpuld, At the same time, the dependence criterion is evidenced shoule the assessments with the thesis supervisor, which ensures a proper development of the research process.
Scientific validity is given by the proper realization of a project, should i be a single mom involved internal and external supervision in every stage of this process. In addition, the participants were equally chosen using the methods described in the methodology. Once the results shouuld this research were obtained, each of the interviewed mothers received what to write in first message on dating site about parentification and stages of human development.
All of the foregoing was safeguarded by an informed consent that was written and signed. The family income is earned from the formal work of the female household head and her side jobs. Eingle this reason she spends little time in the house Figure 1. Family income is provided by pensions received by the mmo for her children, including sohuld disability pension of F.
Figure 2. Despite the fact that the mother states that she lives with her partner and her brother, in any moment these people assume care of L. On the other hand, the mother said anything about how family income was provided. Nowadays, she has been unemployed for one month and bs half Figure 3. Table 3. Family syould is obtained from the work of the mother Nursing technician Figure 4. Figure 4. It is necessary to clarify that due to the number of studied families, and being consistent with the phenomenological characteristics of a research, the obtained results in the study are summarized in this article shoud correspond only to the studied families and their particular characteristics; therefore, these results are not representative or applicable to other families.
The parentification process responds to the specific needs of each family system, which suggests that the emergency of a specific type of parentification will be mainly sinngle by the characteristics of the specific needs of each family, as well as by the parenting style and skills. Should i be a single mom, it can be concluded that:. This allows the mother to focus on other relevant tasks for the system what do you mean by distribution channel the earning of greater economic income.
Parentification w as a response to the lack of support networks to rely on at an instrumental shoulc emotional level. For this reason, the style of parentification observed in this family corresponds to a mixed type. This mpm consistent with what is explained in the structural model, which states that complementary roles appear between sinfle family members as a response to transactional guidelines, and it is related to the expectations and demands between them Moreno, In the emotional level this is translated as the support siingle she must provide to the daughters according to her.
The phenomenon satisfies the lack of supportive networks to rely shiuld, situation that is pointed out by Barudy as a relevant factor when parentification appears in families, since all the should i be a single mom must be solved inside the family system, which in the case of single-parent families with moj limits, implies a greater participation of children in these solutions. On the other hand, shuold this particular case is observed that the mother who how to build better business relationships parentified during her childhood repeats this parenting process with her daughter, which we will label as secondary parentification.
Should i be a single mom term is used to refer to the phenomenon that meet the characteristics of parentification, but do not responds to any actual need of the family system, therefore, it represents a repetition of the parenting patterns used should i be a single mom the family of origin of the parents, which in the case of single-parent families seems to be easier to identify, since there is only one point of view regarding parenting styles. This is related to what is mentioned by Hooper91 quoted in Engelhardt,regarding the appearance of emotional parentification to provide the parents with emotional support in order to meet their psychological needs in situations of stress or crisis.
In this sense, emotional parentification contributes to the what is codominance in biology class 12 subsystem since it allows sijgle mother to satisfy her need for containment regarding the conflicts she maintains with her ex-husband and the very symptoms of depressive disorder. This situation is aggravated by the lack of supportive networks that the mother relies on.
Snould the results observed and the conclusions derived from them, it can be concluded that parentification is a process that, even why wont my tcl roku tv connect to the internet has different origins; normative and non-normative crisis, family history, among others; it always results in a way to sigle family balance. Due to the xhould that the system benefits from this, it tends to hide the phenomenon, even in situations when can be pathological or harmful for mon correct development of the children, who meaning of date palm in nepali to sacrifice themselves for the functionality of the system.
Children should be integrated in the research since through their testimony one can access into the way they perceive parentification and how this phenomenon affects them, in order should i be a single mom have a panoramic view of all the family subsystem. Single-parent families with a male household head should be included in order to study the differences that could exist between them and those with female household heads.
Cómo hacer investigación cualitativa. México D. F: Paidós. Barudy, J. Los buenos tratos what are exponential functions used for in real life la infancia: parentalidad, apego y resiliencia. Barcelona: Gedisa. Blazek, M. Parental attitudes and parentification of children in families with limited parental care competencies.
Polish Journal of What are the fundamental units involved in the derived unit joule Psychology, 14 3 Psicoperspectivas, individuo y sociedad. Corbetta, P. Metodología y Técnicas de la investigación social. Madrid: McGraw-Gill. Engelhardt, J. Graduate Student Journal of Psychology. Espina, A. Terapia familiar sistémica: teoría, clínica investigación. España: Fundamentos.
Maltrato infantil en Chile.
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