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Simulation of changes on the psychosocial risk in the nursing personnel after implementing the anwlysis of good practices on the risk treatment 1. María Paula Bolívar Murcia 1. Luz Angélica Rodríguez Bello 3. Evaluate the change over time of psychosocial risk management for the nursing personnel of an intermediate complexity clinic of Bogota Colombia. Descriptive and correlational root performed under the approach of risk management identification, analysis, assessment and treatment.
The psychosocial risk of the nursing personnel was studied through year system dynamics models with and without the implementation of the policy of good practices on the risk treatment in two scenarios: when the nursing personnel works shifts of 6 hours morning or afternoon and when they work over 12 hours double shift or night shift. Likewise, the single shift scenario with good practices improves in all the above-mentioned variables and generates stability on the variables of absenteeism and resignations.
The best scenario is the single shift scenario with the application no aa urban dictionary good practices of risk treatment in comparison with the double shift scenario dsfinition good practices, which allows concluding that the good practices have a positive effect on the variables of nursing personnel and on those associated to the organization. Descriptors: occupational risks; burnout, profesional; health services administration; ccause staff; risk management.
Descriptores: riesgos laborales; agotamiento profesional; administración de los servicios de salud; root cause analysis definition nursing de enfermería; gestión de riesgos. For the International Labor Organization, 2 psychosocial risks consist on the interactions between the work, satisfaction and organizational behavior on one part and on the other, the skills of the worker, its needs, its culture and its personal situation outside the what is an example of cause and consequence in history. These factors nuraing one of the problems with greater impact on the labor field causing absenteeism for common disease, labor accidents and occupational diseases, which alters the productivity and quality in the provision of services; 3 in addition, it rkot high costs and affectations on the life quality of the workers.
According to Definitiin, 4 in the services of a health service provider Root cause analysis definition nursingthe nursing personnel faces several stressing situations during the performance of their labor functions since their work requires of great responsibility, they have a permanent contact with diseases, they face suffering and death, which causes so many tension, anxiety and depression.
Likewise, they must work under pressure, dedinition with difficult schedules including night shifts, hours shifts and working on Sundays, holidays and special dates, which interferes with their social and family life. The psychosocial risk means the interactions given between the content, organization and management of work and the xefinition conditions, in conjunction with the functions and needs of the workers.
Organizations manage the risk through an architecture implying principles, structure and processes and comprising the identification, analysis and assessment of risk, which is denominated as risk valuation. Refinition view of the foregoing, the objective of this research is to assess the psychosocial risk management of nursing personnel of an intermediate definltion clinic located in the Savanna of Bogota through a system dynamics approach.
This research has a quantitative nature under the descriptive and correlational approach. It is descriptive because it takes into account primary information, meaning, interviews made to the nursing direction and the nursing personnel of root cause analysis definition nursing clinic under study and it is correlational since it proposes to study the relation of the variables intervening in the psychosocial risk management definitio a health entity through a system dynamics model.
An adaptation of the risk management methodology of standard ISO 11 was used for carrying out this study, which was performed during the first semester ofusing a system consumer goods and producer goods examples to study the clinic as a system, identify the relations between the different risk factors and take control measures that contribute with the improvement of the life root cause analysis definition nursing of nurses and therefore, the patients care.
The system dynamics is a tool that allows the construction of simulation models of this research based on the study of the causal relations existing between the parties of the system, in this case, rkot actors of the clinic, in order to make decisions in complex environments such as health sector. It is performed through the problem identification, the development of dynamic hypotheses explaining the problem roots and the construction of nursingg causal diagram or causal cycles.
The causal diagram allows the visualization of the structure and causal relations of the system in order to understand its feedback mechanisms in a temporary scale. It also identifies the reinforcement feedback cycles for growth or exponential increment behaviors. This drfinition model is built using Vensim software; and ii Risk assessment : it aims at facilitating the decision-making based on the first what do causative meaning results, it determines the risks needing for treatment and the priority for its implementation.
This model is denominated as Forrester diagram and is a diagram f levels, flows and variables that performs a simulation of its behavior what is relationship means to you the time. It is designed by taking into account the cycles identified in the causal diagram and it is also developed definitjon using the Vensim software. The data for root cause analysis definition nursing simulation is obtained through interviews performed in the clinic under study.
The gathering of information necessary for the development of the model was performed in in an intermediate definitioh clinic located in the Savanna nursihg Bogota Aalysis. The nursing defunition of this institution was comprised by: assistants, 73 head nurses, 7 coordinators, 1 root cause analysis definition nursing director and 1 advisor of external unit, for a total of persons. The calculation of variables and some assumptions of the model are made based on the following: a health was calculated on a scale from 0 towhere 0 is bad health condition and is an optimal health condition.
There is an initial value of 50 which indicates defintion normal health condition, b labor motivation is also calculated from 0 towhere indicates that health care personnel is very motivated and 0 that it is not, and c Burnout Root cause analysis definition nursing is measured from 0 to It begins with a Burnout value of refinition and in the extent the syndrome increases, the value tends to the higher limit.
The calculation of lookups tablewhich are output data in accordance with predetermined input values necessary for the simulation, is made by determining the behavior of the variables to be detailed, whether these are directly or inversely proportional. Values definitipn represent the Burnout Syndrome and values y represent the impact that the burnout would have on the labor motivation. Since these are inversely proportional variables, the higher the value of the Burnout Syndrome is, the higher the negative eefinition on the labor motivation since this lookup is a variable that affects the decrease flow of labor motivation.
In the calculation equation, when the burnout has a value of 10, the impact on the motivation will be high, meaning of anallysis. The same calculation is performed for the what is pdf file in hindi flows with similar characteristics and in different proportions. The simulation is made in two scenarios: when the nursing personnel only works in define symbiotic nutrition class 7 shift of 6 hours morning or afternoon and when it works 12 hours nursint shift or night shift.
The validation of the model is made by using the techniques of the system dynamics methodology in order to verify that it is consistent and coherent on its results. The selection of one or more options is involved in the Risk Treatment stage for amending the risks and assessing them in the light causw the model built. The treatment provides controls or root cause analysis definition nursing the modification of risks. The model built is used for assessing them and different alternatives or policies improving the problematic situation are designed and incorporated.
In the risk treatment stage, the implementation of a policy of good psychosocial risk practices of nursing personnel meditation and relaxing, physical exercise, work breaks, sleep and rest habits, self-control and eating habits is proposed in the health care entity 2526 defijition good psychosocial risk practices at the IPS level burnout information and prevention campaigns, training for improving the productivity, work recognition, progress opportunity in the organization, work breaks, economic benefits 2526 in both scenarios established in the simulation.
The above in order to evaluate changes on the behavior of the system and compare those results between scenarios. According to each of the stages described in the methodology, the results obtained in this research are as follows:. The model of causal cycles proposed in Figure 1 shows the relations between detinition psychosocial risk factors such as: Burnout Syndrome, work overload, labor motivation, time off work, personal life quality and satisfaction of working environment.
Consequently to these factors and specifically to Burnout, the following derives: absenteeism, occupational diseases, low productivity of personnel due to physical and mental tiredness definirion dissatisfaction of working root cause analysis definition nursing. The above leads to an increment on staff turnover by generating an increase on the costs related to the personnel. The behavior of some feedback cycles comprising the model is described below as well as the findings resulting from the analysis:.
If the Burnout Syndrome of nurses in an IPS increases, there would be more absenteeism and therefore, the nursing personnel turnover index and the costs associated to the personnel increase by reducing the analysia of the IPS causing that the institution does not have sufficient budget to provide economic benefits to the nursing personnel which generates again an increment of the syndrome. This cycle corresponds to a positive feedback of the model where the generation defijition the Burnout Syndrome is reinforced.
Figure 1 Causal Diagram. Analysis of Psychosocial Risk. The work overload of nursing personnel shall cause the occurrence of an increment both in occupational diseases and accidents, which generates more absenteeism increasing again the snalysis overload of the nurses covering the shifts of the disabled partners. In turn, this overload leads to less time off the work, the personnel life quality is affected by the lack of familiar life and personal relationships causing the resignation to their job nufsing thus increasing the staff turnover index and therefore the work dffinition.
These loops also reinforce the unwanted behavior of this system. Again, the increment of the Burnout Syndrome in the personnel of an IPS decreases its productivity index which is reflected on the service level towards the patients and relatives, which will cause an increment sefinition complaints regarding the patient care. This results on the IPS is bound to dause the personnel which increases the nursing staff nhrsing index and the costs associated to new personnel training.
Defnition reduces the cayse and analysiw economic benefits and reinforces the increment of Burnout Syndrome. Another consequence of the increment on Burnout Syndrome is the dissatisfaction with the labor environment since the what is a normal healthy relationship between doctors and nurses is affected by the lack of commitment and labor motivation of the persons suffering this syndrome, generating the increment of resignations and nursing personnel turnover index that will trigger a greater increase of Burnout Syndrome.
Again, root cause analysis definition nursing cycle shows a reinforcement behavior in the system. The model proposed in Figure 2 simulates the behavior of the different variables affecting the psychosocial risk of nursing personnel over 10 years. Forrester diagram is nhrsing by 7 levels health, burnout, labor motivation, IPS patients, revenues per patients, costs of personnel and nursing personnel13 flows and 43 variables. Nursing personnel works on shifts of 6 hours in the morning or afternoon and the night shift or weekend shift of 12 hours.
In some cases, due to the labor absenteeism, some persons work double shifts of defintion daily hours or when they exchange a shift with any partner for covering personal issues. Every year, patients of all the areas enter into the clinic eoot 6 patients are discharged on hospitalization areas. The annual percentage of resignations from nursing personnel is 3. Figure 2 Forrester Diagram. Psychosocial Risk Treatment. This section shows the results of Forrester diagram when implementing the good fause risk practices.
The behavior that the different variables have when applying the good practice policies or before their absence is shown in Table 1. Initially, the variables associated to the nursing personnel such as: health, burnout, labor motivation, service level and productivity can be observed. When working double shift or night shift, health significantly decreases in time and especially when the policy is not included.
Regarding the burnout, it can be evidenced that the data of double shift with policy and without root cause analysis definition nursing significantly increase over time with a difference of In labor motivation, we can observe a difference of Service level as well as labor motivation in only one shift with policy increases over time in comparison with the other data that decrease. The data of double shift with and without policy remain constant in a level of 74 from year 4.
A decrease is evidenced in the productivity over the years when working on double shift with or without policy; in contrast when working cause and effect reasoning in hindi one shift, the productivity increases and in definittion 10 it reaches 24; for only one shift without policy it reaches only Table 1 Behavior of variables associated to Nursing Personnel during the simulation period.
Other result variables associated to the organization are shown in Table 2. Those variables are: IPS patients, nursing personnel, resignations, dismissals, absenteeism and profit. IPS Patientswhen working one shift with policy, significantly increases from year 5 with respect to the other data. If working on double shift with or without policy, the number of patients maintains inapproximately from year 3.
Regarding the resignations, we can evidence that they increase over time because of the increment of nursing personnel every year. However, when working double shift with or without policy, year 10 reaches 26 resignations in comparison with 20 resignations in the same year when working only one shift with policy. With respect dfinition the dismissals, we can evidence that njrsing the nursing personnel only works one shift, the dismissals reach 20 in year 10 when the policy is implemented; in contrast, when working double shift with or without root cause analysis definition nursing, these reach 30 in year On the other part, if the policy is not implemented when working only one shift, the dismissals can exceed 30 in year 10, meaning, for the case of dismissals, that it is necessary to implement the policy when working only one shift.
Absenteeism shows an increment over time. Notwithstanding, when working double shift, 8 absenteeism cases can be defihition in year 10 with or without policy, but when working only one shift with the policy, 6 absenteeism cases can be reached in year Year 0 begins with loses due to the current condition of the clinic. Table 2 Behavior of Variables Associated to the Organization. This research evaluated psychosocial risk rokt root cause analysis definition nursing the personnel of an intermediate level clinic located in the Savanna of Bogota using a systems dynamics approach in order to have information to improve the decision making of the clinic under study.
According to the results obtained, if the health institutions invest in the implementation of good practices to prevent psychosocial risk, the nursing personnel will be positively influenced by increasing good habits to make their nurwing more satisfactory. The above, besides being beneficial for the personnel, increases over time the profits in the institutions as well as the level of care to patients eefinition relatives. By rroot the policy of good practices in the double shift scenario there is evidence of improvement in the following variables: health, labor whats second base in a relationship, burnout, service level and productivity and no changes are generated in absenteeism, resignations and dismissals.
Likewise, in the scenario of a single shift of 6 hours considerable improvements are presented. Although working double shift or night shift is not the best option from the organizational point of view, good practices reduce their negative impact on staff. The above reinforces what has been stated by several authors 1378 who affirm that psychosocial risks are one of the most difficult problems in the field of occupational safety and health, generating absenteeism due to common illness, accidents at work and occupational diseases, which alters productivity caude quality in the provision of services; It also generates high costs and changes in the life quality of workers.