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Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría RCP is the quarterly official publication of Colombian Psychiatry Association March, June, September and December and its purpose is to spread the different knowledge models that currently constitute the theoretical and practical body of our specialty. Psychiatrists, psychiatric residents, non psychiatric physicians, psychologists, philosophers or other health professionals or persons interested in this area can take part in the journal.
This journal publishes original works, revision or updating articles, case reports of all psychiatry and mental health areas, epistemology, mind philosophy, bioethics and also articles about methodology of research and critical reading. SRJ is a prestige metric based on the idea that not all citations are the same. SJR uses a similar algorithm as the Google page rank; it provides a quantitative and qualitative measure of the journal's impact.
SNIP measures contextual citation impact by wighting citations based on the total number of citations in a subject field. One of the experiences that represent the biggest risk for any society is child abuse. Despite the consequences of this form of violence, it tends to be a hidden and little understood phenomenon. The reason why parents mistreat their children has been one of the issues that has raised the most interest in the investigation of this phenomenon.
To determine how the history of child abuse in adults is related to abusive behaviour directed at their own children. A cross-sectional study, based on a source of secondary information. The study included sociodemographic variables, variables related to violent behaviours directed to other people, pro-social factors and the use of psychoactive substances.
From this population, 2 groups were selected, parents who were abusive and parents who were not abusive towards their own children. In both groups the frequency of different factors that could explain the probability of abusive behaviour of the adults towards their children was evaluated. We analysed the association between aggressive behaviour against one's own children and having a history of child abuse.
The median [IQR] age was 38 [24—52] years. Other forms of partner's violence and non-family violence were associated, suggesting that how does prenatal testing work abuse in the study population was related to other expressions of family and social violence. Una de las experiencias que representan mayor riesgo para el desarrollo de cualquier sociedad es el maltrato infantil.
A pesar de las graves consecuencias que derivan de esta forma de violencia, tiende a ser un fenómeno oculto y poco comprendido. La razón que los padres maltraten a sus hijos es una de las cuestiones que mayor interés ha suscitado en la investigación de este fenómeno. Determinar cómo se relaciona el antecedente de maltrato en la niñez de los adultos con el comportamiento maltratador dirigido a sus propios hijos. Estudio transversal, a partir de fuente de información secundaria.
A partir de esta población, se seleccionaron 2 grupos, padres maltratadores y no maltratadores de sus propios hijos. En ambos grupos se evaluó la frecuencia de diferentes factores que pudieran explicar la probabilidad de comportamiento maltratador de los adultos hacia sus hijos. Se analizó la what does make 10 mean in math entre el comportamiento agresivo contra los propios hijos y el hecho apa arti cita cita tener el antecedente de haber sufrido maltrato en la niñez.
La mediana [intervalo intercuartílico] de edad fue 38 [24—52] años. El meaning of toxic relationship in english de los padres de maltrato en la niñez no se asoció con el comportamiento maltratador hacia sus hijos. Sí se asociaron otras formas de violencia dirigida a la pareja y agresión a personas no familiares, lo que indica que el maltrato de la niñez en la población estudiada se relaciona con otras expresiones de violencia familiar y social. Child abuse is a significant problem, with serious physical and psychological consequences for victims and enormous costs for society.
In Colombia, the national rate of child abuse in was The most common cause of aggression was intolerance A range of theories and models have been developed to explain the occurrence of intra-family abuse. The ecological model is most widely accepted, and considers that child abuse is the product of numerous factors, such as the characteristics of the child, the family, the carer or perpetrator of the abuse and the cultural, economic and social environment in which the family is situated.
Among the factors associated with the intergenerational transmission of child abuse, mental health problems in the mother or partner, partner violence, mothers with limited social support and financial difficulties have been described. Therefore, despite the availability of scientific evidence that implicates the intergenerational transmission of child abuse, this is insufficient and inconclusive regarding the problem; moreover, in Colombia, studies on the topic are few and far between.
We have thus carried out this research with the aim of determining how a history of abuse in childhood among adults is related to abusive behaviour towards their own children. The chosen design was probabilistic and multi-stage, selected using the sampling framework that comprised all homes on different socio-economic strata within the six boroughs urban area and one township rural area of the city of Itagüí.
The study population included adults selected from among the who participated in the primary study. The selection criteria for respondents were having children and being aged between 19 meaning of disparate in english 65 at the time of the survey. The exclusion criteria determined were incomplete records regarding study variables or information of low-quality. Two groups were selected from this population, one comprising abusive parents adults who showed abusive behaviour towards their own children and the other non-abusive parents adults who did not behave in this way.
The frequency of various factors that might explain the likelihood of adults behaving abusively towards their children was assessed in both groups. The factors meaning of toxic relationship in english were: sociodemographic age, gender, level of education, area of residence, marital status, overpopulation, employment ; related to violent behaviour child abuse, violence towards children, partner violence, violence towards people outside the family ; related to violent meaning of toxic relationship in english irritability, behaviour disorder, attitudes of approval towards violence ; related to psychoactive substance use alcohol, marijuana, cocaine ; and other factors associated with violence family cohesion, prosocial behaviour, satisfaction scale, family support network.
The aforementioned variables form part of the following scales, which were validated by Torres et al. This is an eight-item scale with a maximum score of It is an eight-item scale with a maximum score of Prosocial behaviour: explores the empathetic behaviours the person may display in their everyday life. It is a nine-item scale with a maximum score of Family cohesion: assesses the individual's perception on how their family interacts, shares and cooperates in all of life's scenarios.
Attitudes of approval towards violence: explores the attitudes and beliefs a person may hold as regards how to resolve situations of conflict. It is a four-item scale with a maximum score of Antisocial behaviour in childhood and adolescence: explores dysfunctional behaviour in childhood and adolescence. Any positive response was deemed the cut-off point. Irritability: assesses behaviours and attitudes related to irritability. It consists of 11 questions.
A descriptive analysis of all the sociodemographic, clinical and abuse- violence- and victim-related variables was performed. The prevalence rates of abusive behaviour and violence in the study population were used as epidemiological indicators. Normality tests were performed and summary measures were calculated from the quantitative variables and absolute and relative frequency tables of the qualitative variables.
The association between being an adult who abuses their children and the other study variables was investigated. The binary meaning of toxic relationship in english regression model was used, in which the variables that met the Hosmer—Lemeshow criterion in the bivariate analysis were included p 0. The age, education, home, marital status and employment variables were re-categorised, grouped into two categories for the multivariate model according to the clinical criteria of the investigating psychiatrists.
To minimise potential bias, the database was managed by personnel trained in the field, thereby guaranteeing the reliability of the information obtained. Selection bias was controlled with probabilistic sampling; with the logistic regression model, it was also controlled by potential confounding variables. The research was classified as risk-free according to Article 11 of Resolution of The primary study asked the participants for their informed consent and was approved by the CES University Ethics Committee.
The information analysed was kept confidential at all times. For the analysis, the adults from whom all the information on the study variables had been obtained were included. Of the total number of respondents, Adult population of the city of Itagüí, Of these, Among the abusive adults, History of abuse in childhood among abusive parents. Of the people with a history of abuse in childhood, A total of Of the types of abuse studied, it was observed that Types of abuse perpetrated by parents.
Meaning of toxic relationship in english what are the 3 types of radioactive dating abusive parents, 3. None of the parents reported cocaine use. On the personal satisfaction scale, it was observed that As regards the family support network scale, In the bivariate analysis, an association was found between the female gender, being a victim of partner violence, being a perpetrator of partner violence, violence towards people outside the family, dysfunctional behaviour traits and a history of abuse in childhood.
Prosocial behaviour, having a family support network, having high personal satisfaction and having a higher level of education were found to be protective factors. Therefore, the probability of people who assault why wont my roku tv connect to the internet members displaying violent behaviour towards their children was 4.
This factor had the strongest association in the bivariate analysis Table 1. This study determined how a history of abuse in childhood among adults is related to abusive behaviour towards their own children. The main finding of the study was that said history was not significantly associated with being an abusive mother or father.
This finding coincides with the reports of other authors such as Widom, 18 who used official data on the abuse of both parents and children and designed a cohort study with confirmed child abuse victims aged 11 or younger, compared to with no history of abuse. No statistical association was found between a history of abuse in childhood and being an abusive mother or father.
Similarly, Altemeir et al. In this case, no what is a relationship counselor was found for intergenerational abuse. Although other studies have documented what is creative writing examples association, some pose significant methodological problems, such as the disappearance of the effect when controlled by confounding variables, 20 the samples selected were not representative of the general population, 21 there was no comparison group, 22 no clear definition of abuse was included, 23 the measure of abuse came from hospital records and they were compared to the general population 24 or abuse was assessed using public and private records referring to treatment for domestic violence.
This study found that other forms of violence, such as partner violence and violence towards other people, were associated with parents abusing their own children. This may be related to the social and cultural norms that greatly contribute to child abuse due to justifying violence against children by accepting the efficacy of violent punishment in their upbringing.
This study found that being female meaning of toxic relationship in english a risk factor for child abuse. Generally, it has been shown that both sexes perpetrate child abuse, with no significant differences between them 28 ; although there are various studies that have assessed the intergenerational transmission of abuse, these meaning of toxic relationship in english only performed with female participants, which what does effectuation mean in english the scope for drawing conclusions.
These factors also indicate that child abuse in this meaning of toxic relationship in english is not only confined to the family environment, but that it extends to the social domain, as highlighted by some researchers who list child abuse as another of the many forms of social violence. The city of Itagüí, the meaning of toxic relationship in english of origin of the study population, was one of the towns with the highest rates of violence in Colombia, particularly in the s and s.
Moreover, This raises the question as to whether the beliefs and attitudes of a community regarding violence lead meaning of toxic relationship in english the generation of hetero-aggressive behaviours that include their children.
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