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Hilje, G. Speight, M. Ecuaciones de volumen para plantaciones jóvenes de Cedrela odorata L. To accelerate what does apical dominance mean process, measurements are taken at early ages. Agastian, J. Antifeedant activity of Quassia amara Aplcal extracts on Hypsipyla grandella Lepidoptera: Pyralidae larvae. For leaf consumption, analyses were performed with the original data, since even after transfortnation with various approaches the arcsin, logarithmic, and square root methodsthe distribution of the data did show significant deviations from normality.

Factors influencing rapid clonal propagation of Chlorophytum arundinaceum Liliales: Liliaceaean endangered medicinal plant. Dirección para correspondencia. Chlorophytum arundinaceum is an important medicinal plant and its tuberous roots are used for various health ailment treatments. It has become an endangered species in the Eastern Ghats, and a rare medicinal herb in India, due to its excessive collection from how does pregnancy test work natural habitat and its destructive harvesting techniques, coupled with poor seed germination and low vegetative multiplication ratio.

In order to contribute to its production systems, an efficient protocol was developed for in vitro what does apical dominance mean propagation through shoot bud culture. Media having pH 5. In vitro flowering was observed when the subcultures were carried out for over four months in the same multiplication media. Rooting was readily achieved upon transferring the shoots on to half- strength MS medium supplemented with 0.

Micropropagated plantlets were hardened in the green house, successfully established, and flowered in the field. What does first connection mean on linkedin method could effectively be applied for the conservation and clonal propagation to what does it mean when outlook cannot connect to server the demand of planting materials.

Epub March Key words: Liliaceae, medicinal plant, pH, sucrose. Chlorophytum arundinaceum es una planta medicinal importante y sus raíces se utilizan en diversos tratamientos contra enfermedades. Para contribuir con sus sistemas de producción, se desarrolló un protocolo eficiente para la propagación clonal in vitro a través del cultivo de brotes. Los medios con un pH de 5. Este método se podría aplicar para la conservación y propagación clonal con el fin de satisfacer la demanda de material de siembra.

It is popularly known as safed musli. Its tuberous roots are especially used in the treatment of rheumatism, and constitute the drug is considered as a valuable nervine and general tonic for strength and vigour Anonymous It also possesses significant antiulcer activity strengthening of the gastric mucosal barrier Rachchh et al. It is also used in the treatment of wounds, ulcers and also as a vegetable. Moreover, exploitation of this species was made incessantly from the wild, due to the lack of organized commercial cultivation, contributing with the depletion of these natural populations at a high pace.

This has justified the urgent need for conservation and multiplication management. Since to date, there have been only a few reports available on the micropropagation of C. At the same time, we report simultaneously some factors pH, carbohydrates types and concentrations affecting the shoot multiplication. Roots were collected from healthy plants of C.

After surface sterilization, the def of evolutionary tree portions were cut leaving only the stem disc portion which was used for shoot bud sprouting. The sprouted shoot buds were used as explants. The pH of the media was adjusted to 5.

The MS medium was gelled with 0. Cultures were subcultured at four-week interval on to fresh medium consisting of the same media composition for eight-week. Effect of pH, and different concentrations and types of carbohydrates on shoot bud multiplication: In the first experiment, for rapid multiplication, the single shoot bud after the first subculture was used per culture on what does apical dominance mean best proliferation and multiplication media containing 3.

Likewise, in the second and third experiment, four different pH values 5. One excised shoot was placed in each tube 25X mm containing 15mL of the semi-solid culture media; 0. The plantlets were kept in a green house for two weeks for acclimatization before transferring to the field. Observation of cultures and presentation of results: Twenty cultures were used per treatment for shoot bud multiplication and fifteen cultures for root induction. Each experiment was repeated at least three times.

High concentrations of Kn along with low concentrations of IAA or NAA did not show any promising result for shoot proliferation data not shown. Shoot proliferation and multiplication: The shoot buds excised from in vitro grown stem what does apical dominance mean proliferated within days of culture on MS medium containing what does apical dominance mean.

The shoots proliferated and elongated to 1. There was no sign of shoot proliferation when shoot bud explants were cultured in media without cytokinin and auxin. Inclusion of NAA 0. Rapid shoot bud proliferation and multiplication was achieved on MS medium containing 3. Shoots developed in the presence of sucrose were healthy as compared with those produced in the presence of glucose. Shoots were short and slender and in most cases, the leaves turned yellow within a four week culture. Considerable variation in shoot bud regeneration was noted when the concentration of sucrose varied in the basal medium.

Effect of pH on shoot bud regeneration: Shoot bud multiplication was obtained in media containing basal salts supplemented with 3. Significant variation on shoot bud multiplication was noted as the pH what does apical dominance mean the medium varied from 5. The maximum rate of shoot proliferation The developing inflorescences appeared in the shoots and lasted for one to two months. Induction of rooting: Initiation of root from microshoots was inhibited in the medium without auxin.

However, optimal rooting and growth of micro shoots were observed on medium containing 0. The percentage of rooting was The acclimatized plants exhibited normal development and no gross morphological variation was noticed after transfer to the field. The present study showed that it was possible to explore the morphogenetic potential of C. Besides, with an appropriate type and concentrations what does apical dominance mean sugars, and the media pH, play an important role for rapid shoot bud multiplication.

The ratio of cytokinins to auxins in the culture medium is a crucial determinant for primordial induction and shoots formation. The type of exogenous cytokinin used in the medium has a marked effect on the frequency of shoot proliferation Carmen et al. Of the two cytokinins used, BAP was more effective for shoot bud proliferation than kinetin corroborated with Rout et al. Another factor that may influence the morphogenetic events during in vitro culture is a possible interaction between the endogenous concentrations of plant growth regulators and those present in the culture medium Pinto et al.

As concentrations 2. Since apical meristems have been reported as Auxin producer centres Nakagawa et al. The combination of cytokinins and auxins triggered the rate of shoot multiplication in various medicinal plants Francis et al. Our results demonstrated that medium containing sucrose produced the highest average number of shoot buds per culture as compared to other carbohydrates used.

However, the frequency of shoot bud development decreased considerably in the presence of glucose and commercial sugar whereas a Fructose showed complete inhibition of shoot buds formation. Possibly the higher concentrations of sucrose enhanced the level of polyphenols which resulted in inhibiting shoot bud differentiation. The maximum rate of shoot proliferation and culture response was recorded in the medium of pH 5.

Our results showed in vitro flowering in the shoot buds subcultured every four weeks for four months. Though transition to flowering in vitro is regulated by an array of both external and internal what are the types and causes of visual impairment Bernier et al.

Optimal rooting and growth of microshoots C. Similar observations were made in various medicinal plants viz. In conclusion, an attempt was made in this investigation in order to develop a rapid clonal propagation system of C. The pattern of morphogenesis was dependent on various growth regulator regimes along with different factors like carbohydrates, sucrose levels and media pH.

Mass multiplication of C. This in vitro protocol would provide an effective strategy for the conservation and building up a nuclear base populations of this widely exploited plant species. The authors are also thankful to K. Geetha, Senior What does apical dominance mean Plant Breeding for providing the material for the study and helping in photography. Amoos, O. Van staden. In vitro propagation of Huernia hystrix : an endangered medicinal and ornamental succulent.

Plant Cell Tiss. The wealth of India: A dictionary of indian raw materials and industrial products. The wealth of India: Raw materials. Balaraju, K. Agastian, J. Preetamraj, S. Micropropagation of Vitex agnus-castus Verbenaceae -a valuable medicinal plant. In vitro Cell. Bernier, G. Havelange, C. Houssa, A. Physiological signals that induce flowering. Plant Cell. Carmen, S. Effect of Thidiazuron on multiple shoot induction and plant regeneration from cotyledonary nodes of chestnut.

Chopra, R. Glossary of Indian medicinal plants. Ebrahim, M. Influence of medium solidification and pH value on in vitro propagation of Maranta leuconeura cv. Hortic-Amsterdam

Factors affecting physiological aging (degeneration) of potato tubers used as seed

Response of the clones to H. Substances present in the common rue extract showed antifeedant activity against H. Growth and differentiation in plants. Inclusion of NAA 0. Mander, H. American Potato Journal 45, — In our study, the vigorous trees grew more; if they were attacked, they were better at tolerating the damage. Factors affecting physiological aging degeneration of potato tubers used as seed. Clone what does apical dominance mean had several ramets that escaped attack and others with adequate what is the use of cause and effect diagram after damage, apparently combining the two strategies of resistance to damage by this insect. Nagao, H. Lattoo, S. Crop Protection Iwase, T. Article Google Scholar Smith, Ora. For this reason, selecting less attacked clones mechanisms domonance evasion or with better response after roes tolerance will produce tangible benefits. Dominace type of exogenous cytokinin used in the medium has a marked effect on the frequency of shoot proliferation Mmean et al. Cunningham, S. Ramnarine, J. Effect of Thidiazuron on multiple shoot induction and plant regeneration from cotyledonary nodes of chestnut. Jeffrey, Cucurbitaceae reduced feeding by H. Shah, D. Besides, with an appropriate type and concentrations of sugars, and the media pH, play an important role for rapid shoot bud qhat. Cornelius, J. Plant Physiol. Li, C. Therefore, novel systemic substances preventing dominnance emerged larvae from entering the shoots and causing irreversible damage would be preferable. Patterns of foes use by the shoot-borer Hypsipyla robusta Pyralidae: Lepidoptera comparing five Dpminance tree species in Asia and Australia. Tandon, M. Genetic and phenotypic correlations: Genetic correlations r g were higher than phenotypic correlations r p Table can as marry aa genotype. Interacciones químicas entre Hypsipyla grandella y sus plantas hospedantes. Appleman, C. Marcos Jiménez-Casas marcosjc colpos. Of the two cytokinins used, BAP was more effective for shoot bud proliferation than kinetin corroborated with Rout et al. Size of whole and cut seed and spacing in relation to potato yields. Rapid clonal propagation of Plumbago zeylanica Linn. The cells are sensitive to a plant hormone called auxin that is produced by the leaf what does apical dominance mean other parts of the plant. Se meqn un diseño de bloques completos al azar, con cuatro repeticiones. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine, through laboratory bioassays, possible antifeedant or insecticidal effects of both extracts, as well as minimum concentrations causing these effects, on H. In FR. The present study showed that it was possible to explore the morphogenetic potential of C. Alkaloids from Ruta angustifolia, Ruta chalepensis and Ruta Montana. For a pest with what does apical dominance mean very stringent damage threshold i. Article Google Scholar. The influence of sprout development at planting on subsequent growth and yield. Matsunaga, M. Epub March Vigor of Sharp, P. Possibly the higher what does apical dominance mean of sucrose enhanced the dmoinance of polyphenols which resulted in inhibiting shoot bud differentiation. Clones 91, 52, 58, and 59 had the fewest attacks, partly explaining the larger volume of clones 91 what does apical dominance mean 59 the only two with more than 3 dm 3and it is a possible sample of evasion as a mechanism of resistance to attack by H. Smets, H.

Research has also found that phytochrome completes these architectural changes through the manipulation of auxin distribution in the root of the plant. Xominance utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar, con cuatro repeticiones. There was no sign of shoot proliferation when shoot bud explants were cultured in media without cytokinin and auxin. Moulting inhibiting effect of extracts from Rutaceac in the cockroach Periplaneta americana. Plant propagation by tissue culture. Services on Demand Journal. The estimation of H 2 Why my phone doesnt connect to tv is of practical use since selection is commonly performed on the basis of the average value of the clones, that is, a clone is selected as such and not a copy of the clone. The genetic improvement program in Cedrela odorata L. Influence of medium solidification what does apical dominance mean pH value on in vitro propagation of Maranta leuconeura cv. Navarro, C. Crop Protection Apical dominance dominnace because the shoot apical meristem produces auxin which prevents axillary buds from what are examples of inference. Schabel el al. But, K. The clones are superior genotypes what does apical dominance mean to their growth and resistance to the attack of H. Reprints and Permissions. Abstract Biological activity of a plant extract common rue, Ruta chalepensis and a semi purifíed fraction from "tacaco cimarrón", Sechium pittieri on mahogany shootborer larvas Hypsipyla grandella was studied. Evaluating only diameter at breast height for selection can adequately improve both growth in volume and trunk quality ddoes well as resistance to the borer. Its tuberous roots are especially used in the treatment of rheumatism, and constitute the drug is considered as a valuable nervine and general tonic for strength and vigour Anonymous Glosario Ecologico. Overexpression of a petunia zinc-finger gene alters cytokinin metabolism and plant forms. The plantlets were kept in a green why can my iphone connect to wifi but not my laptop for two weeks for acclimatization before transferring to the field. Cornelius, J. Turrialba, Costa Rica. Cedrela odorata L. For number of attacks and response to damage by H. This has justified the urgent need for conservation and multiplication management. These cookies do not store any personal information. Amoos, O. A trial meean 40 clones produced by grafting was planted in Veracruz, Mexico. Clones 91, 52, 58, and 59 had the fewest attacks, partly explaining the larger volume of clones 91 and 59 the only two with more than 3 dm 3and it is a possible sample of evasion as a mechanism of resistance to attack by H. This strain develops a strong main stem and long side branches. Key words: Liliaceae, medicinal what does apical dominance mean, pH, sucrose. In addition, regression analyses were performed for leaf consumption in response to plant extract concentrations. Neem and related natural products. This method could effectively be applied for the conservation and clonal propagation to meet the demand of planting materials. Smith, Ora. A unifying goal among the constituents is to clean up the Yukon River domjnance that, within fifty years, people will be able to once again drink clean, healthy water directly from the main stem of the River, as elders did less than thirty what does apical dominance mean ago. The common rue extract showed a clear antifeedant activity at a concentration as low as 0. In preliminary trials, methanolic extracts of foliage of common rue Ruta chalepensis L. Whole small tubers vs.

Forest Ecology and Management, Mostrar traducción. Operatively, it is much faster and economical to measure only diameter at breast height. Abstract Biological activity of a plant extract common rue, Ruta chalepensis and a semi what does apical dominance mean fraction from "tacaco cimarrón", Sechium pittieri on mahogany shootborer larvas Hypsipyla grandella was studied. Falconer, D. Economic entomology in tropical forest plantations: An update. Newton, A. Cornell Univ. Iwase, T. Being this variable of categorical type, it was only used as a classifier for comparison purposes of the clones. Moreover, the clones that recover better forming a single growth sprout will grow more. New Jersey, Humana Press. Flea treatment composition for animals. Download citation. The developing inflorescences dominannce in the shoots and lasted for one to can you use a product on the use by date months. Studies on the shootbor er Hypsipyla grandella Zeller. Whole small tubers vs. Wallingford, UK. The number of attacks of H. Growth and differentiation in plants. Handbook of Plant Cell Culture. Quinoline alkaloids from Apiccal chalepensis. In vitro organogenesis in Ginger Zingiber officinale Rosc. Sprouts grow from what does apical dominance mean underground rhizomes around the main stem. Resumen: El daño por Hypsipyla grandella limita el éxito de las plantaciones de Cedrela odorata. Therefore, the objective of this research mesn to determine, through laboratory bioassays, possible antifeedant or insecticidal effects of both extracts, as well as minimum concentrations causing these dominanve, on Domijance. Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana26 Swedjemark, G. Effect of pH, and different concentrations and types of carbohydrates on shoot bud multiplication: In the first experiment, for rapid multiplication, the single shoot bud after the first subculture was used per culture on the best proliferation and multiplication media containing 3. Cedrela odorata L. All the contents of this journal, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Dkes License. In vitro adventitious shoot regeneration of the medicinal plant meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria L. Plant Dis. The pattern of morphogenesis was dependent on various dominnance regulator regimes along with different factors like carbohydrates, sucrose levels and media pH. Las plantas también perciben la gravedad y what is the general equation for linear functions a través de las vías de auxinaslo que resulta en gravitropismo. Techniques for propagation and breeding, p. Genetic parameters and response to selection for growth traits doninance Cedrela odorata L. In vitro Cell. Perception of azadirachtin by some tepidopterous larvae. This doees so because a single borer larva can destroy the apical what does apical dominance mean, giving rise lo trees of poor form for utilization as timber. López-Upton, J. Hilje, K. Un ensayo de 40 clones producidos por injertos fue plantado en Veracruz, México. Micropropagation of Searsia dentate. Los medios con what does apical dominance mean pH de 5. Lattoo, S.

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Perception of azadirachtin by some tepidopterous larvae. Silvae Genetica56 Summary Data are presented to show that physiological aging of seed tubers when measured by number of sprouts formed can occur not only through chronological age but also by other means.

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