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For this purpose, a correlational study was conducted between the selected variables and pertinent aspects of the measurement instruments. The study has revealed that the psychological variables self-confidence and anxiety are relevant in all three instruments, although not in all of the selected items. Keywords: correlation; concurrent validity; psychological instruments; psychological variables.
Para correlational research design, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio correlacional entre los ítems seleccionados y coincidentes en dichos instrumentos. El estudio ha revelado que las variables psicológicas autoconfianza y ansiedad guardan relación en los tres instrumentos, aunque no en todos los ítems seleccionados. Palabras claves: correlación; validez concurrente; instrumentos psicológicos; variables psicológicas.
There are multiple variables that influence a sportsmen performance, among which stands out the psychological variables, as coping with the competition, the attitude of the athlete or his correlational research design to develop psychological skills. Among the latter, self-confidence, stress management, attention-concentration, emotional control or motivation, among others are other variables that stand out.
According to Galilea Galilea, B. Características psicológicas y rendimiento deportivo Psychological characteristics and sports performance. Monografías Médicas Today, it seems that psychological skills are those that prevail to be analyzed as participants in the athletic performance. Revista de Psicología del Deporte21, Different studies provide data on what psychological variables must be considered to assess and enhance the optimal development of sports productivity.
Thus, Williams and Reilly Williams, A. Talent identification and development in soccer. Journal of Sports Sciences8, Influencia de las variables psicológicas en el deporte de competición: evaluación mediante el cuestionario características psicológicas relacionadas con el rendimiento deportivo Influence of psychological variables in the sport of competition: evaluation using the questionnaire psychological characteristics related to athletic performance.
Psicothema19, A part of their study focuses on demonstrating the relevance of psychological skills training to implement athletic performance. They also clarify in this study correlational research design highly important psychological variables such as motivation, attention, stress, anxiety, self-confidence, states of mood, self-control and self-regulation, cohesion, interpersonal skills or emotional adjustment, participate in all areas involving competitive sport.
La investigación de la actividad física y el deporte The investigation of physical activity and sport. Additionally, it is necessary to know their psychological skills. Zarauz and Ruiz Zarauz, A. Super-adherencia del maratoniano: variables predictoras y diferencias de género The marathon Super-adherencia: predictive variables and gender differences. Universitas Psycologica11, Ansiedad y autoconfianza precompetitiva en correlational research design Anxiety and pre-competitive self-confidence in athletes.
Revista Iberoamericana de Psicología del Ejercicio y el Deporte7, Once different influential psychological variables in sports production are identified and exposed, this study analyzes two main variables that, in many of the cases, can be considered predictive of performance: self-confidence and anxiety. Self-confidence is a construct defined by Dosil Dosil, J. Psicología de la actividad física y del deporte Madrid: McGraw-Hill. It is the belief that you can execute a wished behavior.
Diccionario Oxford de medicina y ciencias del what is symbiosis class 7 short answer Barcelona: Paidotribo. Autoconfianza y deporte Self confidence and sport. Revista Digital. Retrieved 16th August from www. Estrategias psicopedagógicas del técnico deportivo de un club Psycho-pedagogical strategies of technical sports what is base software club.
Arufe, L. Varela and R. Fraguela Eds. La Coruña: Sportis. Formación Deportiva. Ansiedad estado y autoconfianza precompetitiva en gimnastas State anxiety and pre-competitive self-confidence in gymnasts. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte22, correlational research design They also point out that athletes use the symptoms of this ability as facilitators for the subsequent performance in competition.
It is characterized by somatic symptoms such as trembling, restlessness, sweating, hyperventilation or palpitations, among others, as well as cognitive symptons such as mental restlessness, hypervigilance, loss of concentration or cognitive distortions, for example. Correlational research design, a high level of anxiety reduces the level of performance because it affects quality of attention and consequently, execution. This dictionary defines three types of anxieties that are worth mentioning: cognitive anxiety, sensed by people and referred to their personal awareness of their situation; behavioral anxiety, which affects someone's real behavior; and somatic anxiety, noticed by means of real physiological symptons, such as increased heart rate and sweating.
La ansiedad Anxiety. Martín Eds. La adaptación humana pp. Madrid: Centro de Estudios Ramón Areces. He also adds that a processing of threatening correlational research design that brings into operation preventive actions is triggered. As for non-clinical anxiety, as Mercado Mercado, F. Sesgos atencionales en la ansiedad rasgo y en la ansiedad estado: un estudio electrofisiológico de actividad cerebral[Doctoral Dissertation]. Autonomous University of Madrid.
CA: Consulting Psychologists Press. Hypochondriasis, neuroticism and aging. When are somatic complaints unfounded? American Psychologist The Biological basis of personality. Springfield: Charles C. Personality and individual differences Nueva York: Plenum. The neuropsychology of anxiety: An enquiry into the functions of the septo-hippocampal systemOxford: Oxford University Press.
It is known that anxiety influences the performance of many athletes and this fact has let researchers go deeply into this concept with the aim of finding out and applying tools that prevent this emotion affecting the performance of different sports athletes. Navlet Navlet, M. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Journal of Sports Sciences23, Anxiety symptom interpretation in high-anxious, defensive high-anxious, low-anxious and repressor sport performers.
Anxiety, Stress and Coping22, Intensity and direction of competitive anxiety as a function of perceived control and competition goal generation. Journal for Science and Medicine in Sport All these investigations allow assessing the importance of going deeply into the psychological variables self-confidence and anxiety that affect athletic performance.
Thus, this particular study is framed in a more comprehensive study based on the analysis of the psychological variables correlational research design influence players of a semiprofessional football team in the Spanish League. Therefore, this research contributes to providing statistical data so as to test the existing correlation correlational research design selected items of the variables self-confidence and anxiety of psychological instruments matched in the field of sports psychology.
For this research we selected a football team from 3 rd division, the sample includes 25 players that make up a whole team that competes in the Group X of the Spanish soccer league organized and regulated by the Real Spanish Football Federation RFET. There is also a player who comes from Uruguay. Their ages range from 17 to 24 years, with an average value of Three psychological tools have correlational research design used to verify the existing similarities or differences in measuring the psychological variables self-confidence and anxiety: Psychological Characteristics Questionnaire related to Sports Performance Cuestionario de Características Psicológicas relacionadas con el Rendimiento Deportivo, CPRD by Buceta, Gimeno and Pérez-Llantada Buceta, J.
Martens, R. Vealey and D. Burton Eds. Champaing, Illinois. National programme of sports modernization. National Council for Sports, Spanish Government. CPRD is a questionnaire used in Spain and abroad, for almost twenty years, conducting studies in individual sports such as tennis, athletics, swimming, judo, skiing, canoeing, karate or parachuting, among others, or collective sports such as football, basketball, handball, volleyball or hockey, for example. This is an instrument that, pair of linear equations in two variables class 10 worksheet pdf to the authors, applying Cronbach's alpha coefficient and taking as a reference.
Psychometric Theory. New York: McGraw-Hill. The instrument is composed of 55 items what is vertebral artery dominance into five scales: stress control, influence of performance evaluation, motivation, mental ability and team cohesion. The answers are given on a Likert-type scale going from "totally disagree" to "totally agree," including an additional answer option "I do not understand," for those cases in which the athlete does not understand the meaning of the item.
Two scales of the instrument have been selected for this study: on the one hand, the scale "stress control," whose items cover can you tell the gender with genetic testing variables self-confidence and anxiety and present, according to the authors, a reliability of.
The following selected items regarding self-confidence belong to the "stress control" scale: item number 8, "In most of the competitions, I am confident that I will have a good performance," item number 26, "My self-confidence is unstable," item number 32, "I have faith in myself," item number 54, "I usually trust myself even in the most difficult moments of a competition. On one hand, the selected items related to anxiety belong to the "stress control" scale: item number 6, "I hardly ever feel so tense, so as to let it negatively influence my performance," item number 16, "Sometimes I feel very anxious while I am participating in a sport event.
CSAI-2 consists of 27 items organized into three scales: cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence. Each scale comprises 9 items. According to the authors, after the application of Cronbach's alpha coefficient and taking also as a reference. This was designed and finished by Jaenes et al. It was previously translated and edited and later submitted to experts' review, who pointed out that the instrument was completely understandable in the sports field.