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Abstract: This article study the social phenomena of early marriage from a cultural and customary law perspective, providing adolescents with a great understanding of maintaining eastern culture, preserving local cultural values by filtering the current of globalization and providing knowledge about the impact of early marriage on their rculture, manteining family integrity. Therefore, we recommend that the community carry out a socialization on the importance of maintaining local cultural knowledge and wisdom about preparing for marriage in adulthood.
Keywords: Adolescents, early marriage, eastern culture, moral values. Resumen: Esta investigación estudia los fenómenos sociales del matrimonio precoz desde una perspectiva cultural y de derecho consuetudinario, brindando una gran comprensión a los adolescentes hacia el mantenimiento de la cultura oriental, preservando los valores culturales locales al filtrar la corriente de la globalización, y proporcionando, conocimiento sobre el impacto del matrimonio precoz en la cultura, manteniendo la integridad familiar.
Por lo tanto, recomendamos a la comunidad llevar a cabo una socialización sobre la importancia de mantener la sabiduría y el conocimiento cultural local en la preparación del matrimonio en la edad adulta. Palabras clave: Aprendizaje de medios, desarrollo, lectura, lenguaje basado en la web. In the social life of society, there is always two-family kinship that will marry and also involving other social relationship that exists in peoples lives.
The wedding ceremosny is a ritual for every couple; someone who will marry how does a pdf work reach the position of maturity with new rights and obligations; in this case, relatives are members of the community. This network also accepts new obligations and roles as well—the bridging needs for the human being with the fulfilment of the essence of marriage.
The Law of Marriage No. One of these is the provision in article 7 paragraph 1 : Marriage is only permitted if the man has reached the age of 19 nineteen years and a woman has reached the age of 16 sixteen years ". In line with the development of human life, there is a problem that occurs in the community, moral degradation and free sex among teenager and extramarital relation becomes ordinary so that there is a pregnancy outside of marriage. As a result, parents cover the disgrace by marrying their child without considering the age and future of their child.
The phenomenon of early marriage also occurred in the region of Aceh, especially in the district of Nagan Raya Regency. In the s, marrying underage women was common. But, as time went by, community mindset is developing, and the public view of marriage age is different. Various perceptions about early marriage appear in communities. The woman who is married at an early age is considered to be taboo and married at an early age are also considered to be destroying the what is the cause and effect of early marriage, because at an early age where someone should still get education and knowledge.
But, according to the community, if the cause of early marriage is promiscuity, a big shame so that the family become ashamed and gradually will feel separated in the Gampong society, it is better not to stay in Gampong because if it is still visible then will be remembered continually with the same attitude. But not all people are close-minded, there are people who think if already married it is not a problem.
In accordance with the data obtained from the preliminary research results that there are 9 nine cases of early marriage that occurred between to and recorded in the state excerpt of marriage certificate because 9 nine cases of those who did early marriage register their marriage in religion affair office. Table 1. The synonym tazawwaja then translated in Indonesian as it is called perkawinan.
The issue of marriage is an issue that is always actual and always interesting to talk, because this issue is not only about the habit and human life, but also touching a noble and central institution that is household. Sublime, because it is a fortress for the defence of human dignity and akhlaq values Ahmad: The ordinances of marriage in Islam are a Khitbah Proposaland a Muslim who will marry a Muslimah should propose her first, because it is possible she has been proposed by someone else, in this case, Islam prohibits a muslim propose a Muslimah who has been proposed by someone else.
Next, Aqad Nikah. In aqad nikah some several conditions and obligations must be met, i loving each other from the bride, ii Ijab Qabul, iii Dowry, iv Wali, v Witnesses and according to sunnah before aqad nikah held preaching named Khutbatun Nikah or Khutbatul Hajat. Also, Walimatul 'urusy is mandatory and obnoxious meaning done as simple as possible and in feast should invite the poor people. Aceh is the Muslim-majority region, both customs and cultures of Aceh are in line with Islamic guidelines, Al Quran and Sunnah Tjoetra et al.
Aceh has several parts namely West, Central, East, North, and the South, from all of them there are some differences in customs and culture in marriage, but basically, the concept of marriage is still based on Islam as outlined in the concept of marriage in Islam. The ordinances of marriage in the customary in Beutong are Khitbah Proposal - the male family who will marry a woman is in advance because she may have been proposed someone else, in this case, with what is the cause and effect of early marriage teaching of Islam prohibits a man from marrying a woman who has been proposed.
Next, Aqad Nikah - In aqad what is the cause and effect of early marriage some several terms and obligations must be met i Loving each other from both brides, ii Ijab Qabul, iii Dowry, agreement of both families, iv Wali, v Witnesses, vi according to the sunnah before the aqad nikah held preaching first named Khutbatun Nikah or Khutbatul Hajat, and Peusijuk Bestari et al.
Also, Kandhuri - in this case, inviting families from both sides, this kandhuri in Aceh customary divided into two intat linto ceremony of accompanying the groom and Tung Dara Baroe picking up the brideon both occasions held Kandhuri, which attended by families, relatives, friends and invited people. But in practice that occurs in the community Kandhuri held a massive event for people who can afford if not able enough with the Kandhuri Talam Sidroe Teungku, or in other terms Kenduri Satu Orang Teungku only.
There are always two-family networks that will marry and therefore also other networks that are farther away. The two families have a kind of position in the social elements system whose balance partly also depends on who is married to whom. Marriage is the best clue that a family line that someone looks at the others equal socially or economically. Marriage is one of the most important times in the life cycle of all people around the world, and it is the transition from youth to family life level In Koenjaraningrat: Therefore, a marriage poses a variety of consequences, which also involve many relatives, including the husband himself.
Marriage is the implementation of God command that instituting the community to form households in family bonds Soemadingrat: The association of societal marriage with the atmosphere of tradition and customs because of the social changes in society will be shifted towards the contract based on the arrangement by the State Doyle: Marriage is defined as a combination of heart and association, or simply living together in the sense of a man and woman based on a particular belief that binds strongly, this amalgamation raises and controls reciprocal marriage to protect certain laws Suprajitno: Marriage is the basis of family formation, in the concept of sociology of the family is the smallest social institution that is the consequence of the human needs in gaining offspring.
In this case, the family can also be the most important primary group in society. Historically, the family is formed from a unit that is a limited organization and can be a source of tension, pressure, and disappointment Soerjono: The marriage is underage by a spouse who not fulfil the extent to which the early marriage.
In essence, the early marriage performed by a person at the age of the children. The child protection act confirms that a child is a person who is not yet 18 eighteen years, including a child who is still in the womb article 1 paragraph 1 Law No 23, Underage marriage in child protection, in the end, is the act of pruning freedom of children or adolescents to acquire their rights, the right to live, grow, evolve, and participate, optimally by the right and dignity of humanity, and get protection from violence and discrimination article 1 paragraph 2 Law No 23, Therefore, parents are obliged to prevent the occurrence of marriage at the age of children article 26 paragraph 1 point C Law No.
Early marriage is associated with what is the meaning of greenhouse effect in punjabi, i. The opponent is expired marriage. In order not to widen from the main purpose of this writing, given the many definitions of ' early age ' in the phrase ' early marriage ' the researcher restricts the definition of ' early marriage ' as a marriage performed by those under the age who are allowed to marry in the Marriage Law No.
When judging by age, early age is included in juvenile categories. The adolescent is derived from the Latin word adolescent which means to grow or grow are corn tortilla chips bad for cholesterol adulthood. Many figures give definitions of teenagers. Teenagers do not have a clear place because it includes children but neither adult nor old. Adolescents as the period of growth between childhood and adulthood.
The nature of transition or shift because teenagers have not gained adult status and no longer have child status Ibrahim: Adolescence lasts what is the cause and effect of early marriage the ages of 12 to 21 years for women and 13 to 22 years for men. The transitional period between childhood and adulthood. During this time, the teenagers experienced a period of growth and a period example of causal argument physical development and the development of psychology.
They are not children in either body or way of thinking or acting, but not adults Zakiah: The adolescent is interpreted as a period of progression what is the cause and effect of early marriage childhood and adulthood, which includes biological, cognitive, and social-emotional changes Santrock: This study is designed using qualitative analysis.
A process of research and understanding are based on a methodology in identifying a social phenomenon and human problem. In this approach, the researcher made a complex figure, examined the words, detailed reports of the respondents views, and conducted studies on the natural situation. The method used in this research was a descriptive method. Sugiyono stated that the qualitative method is a method of research based on philosophy, used to study the nature of the object condition, where the researcher is as a key instrument.
Several factors causing the early marriage among the community of Beutong Regency of Nagan Raya, Aceh, one of them is promiscuity factor. The tendency to increase free promiscuity is caused by the flow of globalization and the ease of access to digital technology by adolescents in Gampongs, making adolescents vulnerable to the effects posed, for the negative effects, both by the society and electronic media and the mass media that presents a variety of news, for teenagers who cannot filter all information obtained, then not close the possibility of falling into promiscuity Abdullah: As for some factors that causing the early marriage in Beutong are i Promiscuity Factor - The occurrence of the marriage at an early age is encouraged by the promiscuity because it already pregnant they are married although still in school.
The promiscuity is a disaster, such as dating, then married. Increased marriage at an early age due to the development of dating culture in young generations. The low level of education is one of the factors of early marriage, which contributes to the mindset, attitudes and views of the community to allow an underage marriage to occur, this is an expression of public ignorance of the adverse effects of someone who is married early both from health and psychological and v Economic Factor - Early marriages often occur in less capable communities, for underprivileged parents if they have married their children, how to find causality in regression economic burden of the family will be lifted.
Promiscuity Factor - The tendency to what is the cause and effect of early marriage promiscuity by youth due to the presence of a dating culture in the younger generation, the way of promiscuity does not properly make the disaster, making teenagers vulnerable to the effects posed, especially negative effects, because it is already pregnant so they are married although still in school. Religious Factor - Religious factor is one of the contributing factors of early marriage, because some parents who are frightened of their child meaning of side effects that lead to adultery, which is a major sin in Islam, take the initiative by marrying his son despite being a teenager.
In Islam, it does not deform or oppose minors, and there is no criminalization of underage marriages. It is just that Islam prohibit any relationship that leads to adultery. Public understanding of this religious norm greatly affects their perception of early marriage. Some of the people who argued that if a child has a relationship with the opposite sex, there has been a violation of religious value. As parents are obliged to protect and prevent them, they tend to marry the children immediately.
Low Education Level Factor - The majority of Beutong Society if classified from the level of education is still low, which generally junior high school and high school, only a few people who proceed to a higher level of education, thus gaining knowledge of the impact and influence caused by early what is the cause and effect of early marriage. Low-education factor of the attitude and view of the public, allowing early marriage, an are cold feet a sign of illness of public ignorance of the adverse effects of a person who is married early in both health and psychological.
Those who fall in the free sex are actually just encouraged their curiosity. Economic Factor - From the data found in the field on the perpetrators of early marriage are classified as underprivileged people; marriage occurs because of the condition of the family living in the poverty line, to relieve the burden of parents, women are married to people who are considered affluent, educational factors due to the low level of education and knowledge of parents, children and society, causing a tendency, family factor because usually parents even families tell their children to marry as soon as possible without considering their age.
The economic factor does not show a significant correlation to pre-marital sex behaviour but shows a high correlation of early marriage, assuming if the child is married, then the family economic burden will be helped. Having a son-in-law at least one burden what does casual labor mean parents on the responsibilities of his daughter has been taken by her husband, although many of us see those who are married but still depend on their what is the cause and effect of early marriage with income from parents.
Empirical In conclusion, this study identified that a total of 5 factors that causing the early marriage among Beutong community, Aceh, Indonesia, namely, free sex, religion, negative globalization effect, low educational background and economic factors. In line with the findings of this study, we suggest the government to give socialization about the impact of early marriage on children, until giving certain understanding and knowledge that early marriage causing bad condition for a family in maintaining the family unity by the purpose of the marriage itself.
Her research area is the Socio-cultural and customary law. His research interests include urban study, community study, urban geography. He has published more than articles in international journal, local journal and chapter in books. He was born in Composition levy scheme features Barat on July 13, He received a degree in law, University of Syiah Kuala in - He completed a master's program in law from the Airlangga Surabaya in Ulumuna, 22 1 Available at SSRN